The Victim–Offender Relationship and Police Charging Decisions for Juvenile Delinquents

Abstract

While research has established how victim-offender relationship (social distance) relates to police decision-making, comparatively little research has examined this relationship among juvenile delinquents. This article examines how the social relationship between victim and offender has a main and moderating relationship with police charging decisions among juvenile delinquents in Canada. Incidents recorded using the Uniform Crime Reporting Incident-Based Survey (N ¼ 130,090) are modeled using logistic regression to predict the odds of police laying a charge. Independent variables include nature of the victim-offender relationship as well as demographic, geographic, and offense-specific variables. Main effects models show that incidents involving current intimate partners are most likely to result in arrest, followed by incidents involving strangers. Importantly, stratified models suggest that social distance conditions how other legal and extralegal factors relate to police arrest decisions. Similar to the adult offending population, victim-offender relationship shapes the way criminal incidents are officially addressed in complex ways.

Factors Influencing Arrest Decision-Making in Domestic Violence Cases in Zambia

“…Concerning relationship type, Tasca et al [20] show that in cases where there is a close relationship between the victim and perpetrator, the likelihood of arrest is very low but being married increases the likelihood of arrest in assault cases [12]. Rollwagen and Jacob [29] report that crimes involving people in an intimate relationship have an increased likelihood of resulting in an arrest than those in an immediate/extended family type because aggression against a dating partner may summon police response but violence concerning a victim and an offender who are family members could be tolerated.…”