The Victor Mine (Superior Craton, Canada): Neoproterozoic lherzolitic diamonds from a thermally-modified cratonic root

Stachel, Thomas; Banas, Anetta; Aulbach, Sonja; Smit, Karen V.; Wescott, Pamela; Chinn, I.L.; Kong, Julie

doi:10.1007/s00710-018-0574-y

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…From the relative abundances of each sulfide phase obtained from the refinements and the chemical formulae of the individual endmembers (Fe9S10 for pyrrhotite 5C; Fe4.12Ni4.88S8 for pentlandite and CuFeS2 for chalcopyrite), the original composition of the Mss was derived (Table DR1). The derived composition of the sulfides (Figure DR1) fall at the low-Ni end of the field of MSS with several inclusion overlapping the compositional field of pyrrhotite, in agreement with the compositions measured for eclogitic sulfides from Victor (Stachel et al, 2018). The derived average composition is Fe0.84(3)Ni0.07(4)Cu0.02(1)S1.0.…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

“…Sulfide inclusions in diamond from the Superior craton form an age array either due to coprecipitation of diamond and sulfide, or due to recrystallisation of sulfide during interaction with the diamond-forming fluid (Aulbach et al 2018). As most of the sulfide inclusions investigated in this study are protogenetic, the hypothesis of co-precipitation is probably not valid.…”

Section: Reciprocal Crystallographic Orientationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…: Composition (at%) of sulfide inclusions from Victor mine in a Fe-Ni-S quadrilateral from this study. Eclogitic, lherzolitic and peridotitic sulfide inclusions from Victor from Stachel et al, (2018) are shown for comparison. Compositions of pyrrhotite and pentlandite are also shown (black stars).…”

Section: Figure S1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplemental Material: Protogenetic sulfide inclusions in diamonds date the diamond formation event using Re-Os isotopes

Pamato¹,

al.²

2021

Preprint

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supporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Reciprocal Crystallographic Orientationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Supplemental Material: Protogenetic sulfide inclusions in diamonds date the diamond formation event using Re-Os isotopes

Pamato¹,

al.²

2021

Preprint

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“…Despite extensive exploration within the Superior craton, kimberlite-derived mantle xenoliths and diamond inclusions are rare, with mantle xenocrysts variably abundant. Detailed studies on applicable samples from the Attawapiskat/Kyle Lake, Renard/Lac des Beaver, Lake Timiskaming, and Kirkland Lake kimberlite clusters (Figure 1) have been undertaken by Aulbach et al (2018), Griffin et al (2004), Hunt et al (2012), Lawley et al (2018), Scully et al (2004), Smit, Pearson, et al (2014), Stachel et al (2018), andVickers (1994).…”

Section: Mantle Geology and Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary Modeling of Mantle Lithosphere Structure Within the Superior Craton, North America

Snyder

Savard

Kjarsgaard

et al. 2021

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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New 3D multi‐azimuthal receiver function analysis identified four regional seismic discontinuities dipping at 7–13° within the mantle of the Superior craton of North America; most are discordant to known major upper crustal structures. Widely observed crustal‐scale structures with near‐vertical axial planes striking east‐west indicate that the most recent and dominant phase of folding and horizontal shortening strain occurred during the Kenoran (D2) crustal deformation concurrent with Au‐mineralization and peak metamorphism at 2.72–2.66 Ga. Two mantle discontinuities strike 065° and 249°, dipping to the southeast and northwest, respectively. These strikes roughly parallel the northern margin of the Superior craton and some intra‐cratonic features such as the axis of the Quetico Basin. Two discontinuities strike 355° and 187°, dipping to the east and west, respectively, and parallel to the western margin of the craton. Our new observations reveal neither moderately dipping, east‐west striking discontinuities nor coherent eclogitic layers characteristic of modern plate tectonic subduction zones. Prominent east‐ and west‐dipping mantle structures relate best to a Paleoproterozoic (Trans‐Hudson) deformation, which is rarely observed in the crust. A new analysis of mantle xenoliths and xenocrysts indicates that carbonatitic metasomatism predominates above some discontinuities where strongly localized conductivity occurs whereas kimberlitic metasomatism predominates below the discontinuities in the broadly conductive mantle.

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“…However, this type of pyrope is not widespread among mantle peridotites, xenocrysts, and diamond inclusions worldwide. We have found a few examples reported in the literature: (1) pyropes of six lherzolites and one pyrope xenocryst from the V. Grib pipe [14,15] and one Cr-poor lherzolitic pyrope inclusion in diamond from the Victor mine (VMG327-1 pyrope [26]), which were equivalent to the MREE-depleted subgroup ( Figure 3); and (2) websteritic garnet inclusions in diamonds from Jagersfontein (JF 122 pyrope [20]) and one pyrope from lherzolites of the Kaapvaal craton (PR90-57 [27]), which were equivalent to the MREE-enriched subgroup. However, our recent study revealed a high proportion of this type of garnet in the Mir pipe (Siberian craton) kimberlites [18].…”

Section: Origin Of Pyropesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond-Bearing Root Beneath the Northern East European Platform (Arkhangelsk Region, Russia): Evidence from Cr-Pyrope Trace-Element Geochemistry

2019

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In this study, we reconstruct the composition and metasomatic evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the poorly-studied southern Arkhangelsk region, based on the geochemistry of 145 Cr-pyrope grains recovered from samples of modern rivers and stream sediments, to evaluate the diamond exploration potential of these territories. Based on the concentrations of Cr2O3, CaO, TiO2, and rare earth elements (REEs), the garnets are divided into four groups: (1) low-chromium lherzolitic pyropes with fractionated heavy REE patterns; (2) low- to medium-chromium pyropes of lherzolitic and megacryst associations with flat heavy REE patterns; (3) high-chromium lherzolitic pyropes with “humped” REE patterns; and (4) high-chromium and low-chromium lherzolitic and harzburgitic pyropes with sinusoidal REE patterns. The pyrope geochemistry suggests a multi-stage model for the evolution of the lithospheric mantle, including partial melting to different degrees and further metasomatic overprints by silicate and carbonatite melts. The results confirm that the lithospheric mantle beneath the study area is suitable for the formation and preservation of diamonds. The significant percentage of diamond-associated pyropes (15%) emphasizes the likelihood of high diamond contents in kimberlites to be discovered within the study area.

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The Victor Mine (Superior Craton, Canada): Neoproterozoic lherzolitic diamonds from a thermally-modified cratonic root

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Supplemental Material: Protogenetic sulfide inclusions in diamonds date the diamond formation event using Re-Os isotopes

Supplemental Material: Protogenetic sulfide inclusions in diamonds date the diamond formation event using Re-Os isotopes

Multidisciplinary Modeling of Mantle Lithosphere Structure Within the Superior Craton, North America

Diamond-Bearing Root Beneath the Northern East European Platform (Arkhangelsk Region, Russia): Evidence from Cr-Pyrope Trace-Element Geochemistry

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