The Violence Around Us

Moseley, Merritt; Tredell, Nicolas

doi:10.1007/978-1-137-43204-9_8

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The negative yields of the SiI 4 decomposition is the result of the formation of SiI 2 or SiI 3 in the system. However, the physical meaning of a negative deposition ratio represents the etching efficiency on the silicon surface of filaments or substrates and it could be exploited during the initial steps of CVD process when the surface of substrates should be treated in kerfless processes (refer to 7 ). In this particular case, one of the advantages of the technology would be the short processing time and the elimination or reduction of contaminants in the substrate of silicon that otherwise will degrade the final product quality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then the gas passes through a molecular sieve canister (23) that is connected to the inlet of a vacuum pump (24) discharging through an oil filter (25) via the gas outlet (26). In order to monitor the pressure in the system, a pressure transducer (19) along with a vacuum gauge trap (18) and a three-way valve (17) were connected between the iodine condenser (7) and the vacuum buffer vessel (14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on result from known publications, the selected operating parameters for the iodine process were: (i) temperatures within the range of 800 to 1600°C and (ii) pressures within the range of 0.001atm (0.76Torr) to 10atm (7,600Torr). For the three-component system (Si-H 2 -Cl 2 ), the operating parameters were varied within the range of 800 to 1400°C and within 0.1 to 100 atm for the temperature and the pressure respectively.…”

Section: Materials and Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Equilibrium Deposition Rate of Silicon in Si-I₂and Si-H₂-Cl₂Systems

Studenikin¹,

Nova²

2019

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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The thermodynamic equilibrium deposition rates of silicon in Si-I 2 and Si-H 2 -Cl 2 systems were analyzed. These rates are discussed in terms of their applicability in industrial processes of Si purification. The behavior of silicon deposition for silicon tetraiodide (SiI 4 ), silicon di-iodide and whole spectrum of Silicon-Hydrogen-Chlorine compounds were evaluated within a wide range of pressures and temperatures. A strong agreement between the theoretical model predictions and the experimental data was found for the SiI 4 compound. Alternatives to the Herrick-Krieble's approximation for experimental SiI 4 decomposition rates have been proposed for the actual operating pressures. The di-iodine technology has been analyzed in terms of its deficient SiI 2 formation at 1200°C and the subsequent Si deposition and SiI 4 formation at 800-900°C. An original approach was created to analyze the theoretical results for the Si-H 2 -Cl 2 system using quasi-binary system coordinates: SiH 4 -SiCl 4 . The analysis of the results shows that the silicon deposition rate is independent of the temperature and the pressure. Such independence assumes that one, single mechanism governs the decomposition reaction for the (Si-H 2 -Cl 2 ) system. It was concluded that a homogeneous nucleation is taking place for all Silicon-Hydrogen-Chlorine compounds within a temperature of 800-1400°C and a pressure of 1-100 atm.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Equilibrium Deposition Rate of Silicon in Si-I₂and Si-H₂-Cl₂Systems

Studenikin¹,

Nova²

2019

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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“…11 However, a major drawback of using H 2 O as a solvent is the low solubility of reagent gases H 2 and O 2 , (1.62 mg L −1 and 40 mg L −1 respectively, at room temperature) 12 which has been shown to limit H 2 O 2 synthesis rates, compared to that observed when using alcohol/water co-solvent systems. 1,2 To overcome these limitations solvents other than water have been investigated including supercritical CO 2 [13][14][15][16] and halogenated solvents [17][18][19] as well as short chain alcohols, 9,20,21 with Paunovic et al 22 providing a comprehensive study on the role of the co-solvent in the direct synthesis reaction. It has been reported that the rate of H 2 O 2 production in short chain alcohols is much higher than that in aqueous media due to higher gas solubility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide using a combination of a hydrophobic solvent and water

Akram

Shaw

Lewis

et al. 2020

Catal. Sci. Technol.

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“…Well-known examples of these effects include the accumulation and the prolonged duration of action of the muscle-relaxant drugs succynylcholine (Fisher et al, 1988;Staun et al, 1990), suxamethonium (Bang et al, 1990), and mivacurium (Ostergaard et al, 2000) observed in patients under BMB medication. BMB, which contains a chiral center, is currently synthesized and administered as a racemate, but there is some evidence that the (R)-enantiomer is more potent and less toxic than its mirror image (Morley, 2002;Tan and Cheng, 2009). On this basis, (R)-BMB hydrochloride has been recently approved by the Chinese State Food and Drug Administration for phase I clinical trials, and a preliminary pharmacokinetic study has been published (Zhou et al, 2014a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereoselective Inhibition of Human Butyrylcholinesterase by the Enantiomers of Bambuterol and Their Intermediates

Pistolozzi

Hong

et al. 2014

Drug Metab Dispos

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This work describes the sequential hydrolysis of bambuterol enantiomers and their monocarbamate metabolites (MONO) catalyzed by human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) as well as the enzyme inhibition resulting from this process. Particular emphasis is given to the contribution given by MONO to the enzyme inhibition because it was not fully characterized in previous works. Bambuterol and MONO enantiomers displayed the same time-and concentrationdependent mechanism of interaction with the enzyme. The hydrolysis kinetics of both bambuterol and MONO was enantioselective, and the (R)-enantiomer of each compound was hydrolyzed fourfold faster than the respective (S)-enantiomer. Even though the enzyme inhibition rates of (R)-and (S)-MONO were much slower than those of their respective bambuterol enantiomers (∼15-fold), both MONO enantiomers showed a significant BChE inhibition when physiologically relevant concentrations of enzyme and inhibitors were used (∼50% of their respective bambuterol enantiomers). The kinetic constants obtained by testing each single compound were used to model the contribution given by MONO to the enzyme inhibition observed for bambuterol. The hydrolysis of MONO enantiomers enhanced the inhibitory power of bambuterol enantiomers of about 27.5% (R) and 12.5% (S) and extended more than 1 hour the duration of inhibition. The data indicate that MONO contribute significantly to the inhibition of BChE occurring in humans upon administration of normal doses of bambuterol. In addition, the hydrolysis of MONO resulted in the rate-limiting step in the conversion of bambuterol in its pharmacologically active metabolite terbutaline; therefore, MONO concentrations should always be monitored during pharmacokinetic studies of bambuterol.

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The Violence Around Us

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Equilibrium Deposition Rate of Silicon in Si-I₂and Si-H₂-Cl₂Systems

Equilibrium Deposition Rate of Silicon in Si-I₂and Si-H₂-Cl₂Systems

The direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide using a combination of a hydrophobic solvent and water

Stereoselective Inhibition of Human Butyrylcholinesterase by the Enantiomers of Bambuterol and Their Intermediates

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The Violence Around Us

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Equilibrium Deposition Rate of Silicon in Si-I2and Si-H2-Cl2Systems

Equilibrium Deposition Rate of Silicon in Si-I2and Si-H2-Cl2Systems

The direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide using a combination of a hydrophobic solvent and water

Stereoselective Inhibition of Human Butyrylcholinesterase by the Enantiomers of Bambuterol and Their Intermediates

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Equilibrium Deposition Rate of Silicon in Si-I₂and Si-H₂-Cl₂Systems

Equilibrium Deposition Rate of Silicon in Si-I₂and Si-H₂-Cl₂Systems