The Virulence Factors of the Bacterial Wilt Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum

Meng, Fanying

doi:10.4172/2157-7471.1000168

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This system injects bacterial proteins called effectors directly into the eukaryotic host cells to manipulate the host defenses and establish disease (Buttner, 2016 ; Popa et al, 2016a ). Amongst other factors that contribute to R. solanacearum virulence are motility—either caused by flagella or type IV pili- and the reactive oxygen species (ROS)- detoxifying enzymes (Meng, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomes of Ralstonia solanacearum during Root Colonization of Solanum commersonii

et al. 2017

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Bacterial wilt of potatoes—also called brown rot—is a devastating disease caused by the vascular pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum that leads to significant yield loss. As in other plant-pathogen interactions, the first contacts established between the bacterium and the plant largely condition the disease outcome. Here, we studied the transcriptome of R. solanacearum UY031 early after infection in two accessions of the wild potato Solanum commersonii showing contrasting resistance to bacterial wilt. Total RNAs obtained from asymptomatic infected roots were deep sequenced and for 4,609 out of the 4,778 annotated genes in strain UY031 were recovered. Only 2 genes were differentially-expressed between the resistant and the susceptible plant accessions, suggesting that the bacterial component plays a minor role in the establishment of disease. On the contrary, 422 genes were differentially expressed (DE) in planta compared to growth on a synthetic rich medium. Only 73 of these genes had been previously identified as DE in a transcriptome of R. solanacearum extracted from infected tomato xylem vessels. Virulence determinants such as the Type Three Secretion System (T3SS) and its effector proteins, motility structures, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxifying enzymes were induced during infection of S. commersonii. On the contrary, metabolic activities were mostly repressed during early root colonization, with the notable exception of nitrogen metabolism, sulfate reduction and phosphate uptake. Several of the R. solanacearum genes identified as significantly up-regulated during infection had not been previously described as virulence factors. This is the first report describing the R. solanacearum transcriptome directly obtained from infected tissue and also the first to analyze bacterial gene expression in the roots, where plant infection takes place. We also demonstrate that the bacterial transcriptome in planta can be studied when pathogen numbers are low by sequencing transcripts from infected tissue avoiding prokaryotic RNA enrichment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomes of Ralstonia solanacearum during Root Colonization of Solanum commersonii

et al. 2017

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“…This soil-borne pathogen can also cause typical wilting symptoms by colonization, invasion, survival and growth in the root system and xylem tissue via wounds or natural openings [5,6]. During the development of disease, R. solanacearum cells secrete several virulence factors, including an extracellular polysaccharide, several plant cell wall–degrading enzymes and some type III–secreted effectors [7,8,9,10,11]. The pathogen is widely distributed in tropical, subtropical and some temperate regions and affects significant economic crops, such as tomato, banana, potato, and tobacco.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effects and Mechanism of Action of Protocatechualdehyde against Ralstonia solanacearum

Chen

et al. 2016

Molecules

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Protocatechualdehyde (PCA) is an important plant-derived natural product that has been associated with a wide variety of biological activities and has been widely used in medicine as an antioxidant, anti-aging and an anti-inflammatory agent. However, fewer reports concerning its antibacterial effects on plant-pathogenic bacteria exist. Therefore, in this study, protocatechualdehyde was evaluated for its antibacterial activity against plant pathogens along with the mechanism of its antibacterial action. PCA at 40 µg/mL was highly active against R. solanacearum and significantly inhibited its growth. The minimum bactericidal concentration and minimum inhibitory concentration values for PCA were 40 µg/mL and 20 µg/mL, respectively. Further investigation of the mechanism of action of PCA via transmission electron microscopy and biological assays indicated that the destruction of the cell structure, the shapes and the inhibition of biofilm formation were important. In addition, the application of PCA effectively reduced the incidence of bacterial wilt on tobacco under greenhouse conditions, and the control efficiency was as high as 92.01% at nine days after inoculation. Taken together, these findings suggest that PCA exhibits strong antibacterial activity against R. solanacearum and has the potential to be applied as an effective antibacterial agent for controlling bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum.

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“…Meanwhile, the percentage of 'cell motility' (2.3 %) in B. glumae PG1 was much lower than that in the other two genomes (>3.0 %). This indicates that the motility of B. glumae BGR1 and of B. glumae LMG 2196 is more highly developed than that of B. glumae PG1, which contributes to host cell invasion and colonization in that environment (Meng 2013). Moreover, B. glumae BGR1 and B. glumae LMG 2196 contained higher percentages of genes in the 'mobilome: prophages, transposons' (>4.3 %) category than B. glumae PG1 (2.4 %).…”

Section: Distinctive Characteristic Of Protein Distributionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Understanding the direction of evolution in Burkholderia glumae through comparative genomics

et al. 2015

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Members of the genus Burkholderia occupy remarkably diverse niches, with genome sizes ranging from ~3.75 to 11.29 Mbp. The genome of Burkholderia glumae ranges in size from ~5.81 to 7.89 Mbp. Unlike other plant pathogenic bacteria, B. glumae can infect a wide range of monocot and dicot plants. Comparative genome analysis of B. glumae strains can provide insight into genome variation as well as differential features of whole metabolism or pathways between multiple strains of B. glumae infecting the same host. Comparative analysis of complete genomes among B. glumae BGR1, B. glumae LMG 2196, and B. glumae PG1 revealed the largest departmentalization of genes onto separate replicons in B. glumae BGR1 and considerable downsizing of the genome in B. glumae LMG 2196. In addition, the presence of large-scale evolutionary events such as rearrangement and inversion and the development of highly specialized systems were found to be related to virulence-associated features in the three B. glumae strains. This connection may explain why this bacterium broadens its host range and reinforces its interaction with hosts.

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The Virulence Factors of the Bacterial Wilt Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Transcriptomes of Ralstonia solanacearum during Root Colonization of Solanum commersonii

Transcriptomes of Ralstonia solanacearum during Root Colonization of Solanum commersonii

Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effects and Mechanism of Action of Protocatechualdehyde against Ralstonia solanacearum

Understanding the direction of evolution in Burkholderia glumae through comparative genomics

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