The virulence improvement of Beauveria bassiana in infecting Cylas formicarius modulated by various chitin based compounds

Abstract

Saputro TB, Prayogo Y, Rohman FL, Alami NH. 2019. The virulence improvement of Beauveria bassiana in infecting Cylas formicarius modulated by various chitin based compounds. Biodiversitas 20: 2486-2493. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of alternative carbohydrate source with an important role in food production, animal feed industries, and as raw materials for other derivatives. However, severe losses are constantly occured in its production due to a notorious pest known as sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius). The chemical insecticides commonly used to treat the pest, but have not been efficient in eliminating C.formicarius. Beauveria bassiana is well known as a biological control agent, has been identified to effectively eliminate the pest. The aim of this research is to observe the optimum concentration of several chitin-based compounds in improving the virulence of B. bassiana. The research was conducted by the addition of chitin from various sources -insects, crustaceans and mollusk shells in a growth medium of B. Bassiana. Moreover, conidia produced by B.bassiana was exposed to C.formicarius to investigate the mortality rate of this insect. The results showed four different characteristics of colonies -velvety, wooly, pellicular, and farinaceous. The 1% chitin from Tellina sp, (P9), was found to be the best treatment which increased the growth of the colony diameter attaining 6.7cm in 20 days, increased the conidia viability that reaches 93.5%. In addition, the highest mortality percentage of C. formicarius was 91.67% in P9 at 6 days after infection. Overall, this research gave new potential sources of chitin that can be applied in improving the virulence of B. Bassiana in eliminating C. formicarius.

Eco-friendly biopesticide of Beauveria bassiana to control sweet potato weevil Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

“…The results of a study conducted by [23] indicated that the efficacy of B. bassiana biopesticides applied to suppress tuber damage due to borer attack could be seen from the number of insect deaths, the number of eggs that did not hatched, and the weight of tubers that were suitable for consumption [24]. Meanwhile, according to [25], to increase and maintain the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana in killing target insects, the fungus must have an abundance of chitinase enzymes. Chitinase is a key enzyme for entomopathogenic fungi, which is used to degrade insect cuticle walls in the process of penetration and infection of pathogens, causing the death of host insects [26], [27], [28].…”

Integration of Entomopathogenic Fungi into IPM Programs: Studies Involving Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Affecting Horticultural Crops

“…cf. foveatus [ 92 ], Anthonomus signatus [ 93 ], Cosmopolites sordidus [ 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 ], Cylas formicarius [ 103 , 104 ], C. puncticollis [ 105 ], Heilipus lauri [ 106 ], Hypothenemus hampei [ 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 ], Kuschelorhynchus macadamiae [ 119 ], Odoiporus longicollis [ 120 , 121 , 122 ], Pantorhytes plutus [ 65 ], Pityophthorus juglandis [ 123 ], Rhynchophorus ferrugineus [ 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 ,…”

The effect of chitin on the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana formulation product to control cocoa pod borer in vitro

“…The chitin-based formulation in bioinsecticide production is well-known for increasing B. bassiana virulence to inhibit pest growth (Saputro et al, 2019;Senthilraja et al, 2010). Adding chitin to growth media can increase the growth rate of B. bassiana colony diameter to enhance its function as a bioinsecticide (Rohman et al, 2017).…”