2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.watcyc.2021.05.001
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The virus removal in UV irradiation, ozonation and chlorination

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic draws much attention to virus inactivation since the SARS-CoV-2 was detected in miscellaneous environments and the wastewater can be a potential transmitting pathway. UV irradiation, ozonation and chlorination are widely used disinfection processes in water treatment. In this review, the mechanisms and applications of three disinfection processes are introduced, and their inactivation effects on virus as well as other microorganisms are compared and discussed. The resistance of viruses to… Show more

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Cited by 72 publications
(57 citation statements)
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“…However, one of the main concerns in this area is the formation of harmful and carcinogenic disinfection by-products (Joo and Choi 2021 ). Chlorine mostly reacts with intracellular components and inactivates viral capsids by damaging them and destroying virus nucleic acids (Kong et al 2021 ). Chlorine elements, chloramines, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, calcium hypochlorite, and chloroisocyanurates are the main sources of chlorine (Teymoorian et al 2021 ).…”
Section: Disinfection Methods Against the Virus In Wastewatermentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…However, one of the main concerns in this area is the formation of harmful and carcinogenic disinfection by-products (Joo and Choi 2021 ). Chlorine mostly reacts with intracellular components and inactivates viral capsids by damaging them and destroying virus nucleic acids (Kong et al 2021 ). Chlorine elements, chloramines, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, calcium hypochlorite, and chloroisocyanurates are the main sources of chlorine (Teymoorian et al 2021 ).…”
Section: Disinfection Methods Against the Virus In Wastewatermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chlorine elements, chloramines, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, calcium hypochlorite, and chloroisocyanurates are the main sources of chlorine (Teymoorian et al 2021 ). Chlorine reacts with water to produce chloride ions and hypochlorous acid, which can be ionized further to produce hypochlorite (Kong et al 2021 ). Hypochlorous acid has chlorine disinfectant properties, and hypochlorite is a powerful oxidizer that effectively oxidizes organic contaminants (Kuzniewski 2021 ).…”
Section: Disinfection Methods Against the Virus In Wastewatermentioning
confidence: 99%
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