The viscosity of carbon dioxide between 0°C and 75°C and at pressures up to 2000 atmospheres

Michels, Andreas; Botzen, A.; Schuurman, W.

doi:10.1016/s0031-8914(57)90708-5

Cited by 111 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For our flows here, the Reynolds number is of order 10 5 and we used the turbulent Blasius correlation f = 0.316 Re -1/4 [4]. In addition, the one-dimensional integration requires an equation of state P(ρ,T), Equation (2) above, and rigorous viscosity µ(ρ,T) relations for supercritical CO 2 [11,12,13]. To solve for the flow properties inside the capillary, we use an iterative calculation which first assumes a mass flow rate, followed by an isentropic calculation from stagnation conditions to the capillary inlet, together with a standard inlet viscous pressure loss factor for the reentry pipe configuration ∆P = 0.78 ρu 2 /2 [4]; the latter is appropriate because the capillary tubes protrude back into the stagnation reservoir.…”

Section: Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Free-Jet Expansion of Supercritical CO2 from a Capillary Source

Khalil¹,

Miller²

2005

AIP Conference Proceedings

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In this paper we present computational and experimental results for the expansions of supercritical CO 2 from capillary sources, and compare them with similar expansions from orifices of the same diameters, with source pressures up to 100 bar and temperatures up to 70 o C. The expansions impact a vertical flat plate near ten diameters along the centerline. The subsonic flow from stagnation source conditions to the capillary exit is calculated as a quasi-onedimensional viscous flow to exit Mach number = 1 conditions, and then a time marching, two-step predictor corrector Lax-Wendroff axisymmetric method is used to calculate the two-dimensional supersonic expansion, shock structure, and subsonic flow against the flat plate. Experimentally we have made shadowgraph measurements of the shock structure, and temperature and pressure measurements at the flat plate. We find very good agreement between our calculations and experiments for both the capillary and orifice sources for flow rate and shock structure, quantitatively characterized by the Mach disk location as a function of source conditions and flat plate location. The differences between the two types of sources and the non-ideal fluid effects are significant, and well reproduced by the calculations. While we have good agreement for the flat plate pressure profiles for expansions from the orifice source, the agreement is not as good for the expansions from the capillary sources. The experiments show that the pressure profiles at the flat plate are significantly different for the two sources, even when scaled to the same mass flow rate or to the same source exit sonic pressure.

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Section: Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Free-Jet Expansion of Supercritical CO2 from a Capillary Source

Khalil¹,

Miller²

2005

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…The viscosities of pure SCFs and dense gases have been well recorded [10][11][12][13]. The viscosities of mixtures under supercritical conditions have also been recently investigated [9,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity measurements on gas expanded liquid systems—Methanol and carbon dioxide

Sih

Dehghani

Foster

2007

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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“…Therefore, there are discrepancies between results obtained by different experimental methods (Fenghour et al 1998). For example, experimental data for the dynamic viscosity of SC-CO 2 determined using a capillary instrument, suggesting that the viscosity increased substantially along isotherms in the vicinity of the critical point (Michels et al 1957), were found to be inaccurate when compared to other methods (Kestin et al 1964). It has been shown in later measurements carried out using an oscillating disc viscometer that there is only a mild divergence (<1%) of the viscosity isotherms in the vicinity of the critical point (Kestin et al 1964).…”

Section: Physical and Transport Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%