The Viscosity of Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

When representative equations for the viscosity of carbon dioxide were published in 1990, it was recognized that, owing to inconsistencies among the available experimental liquid viscosity data which could not be resolved, new measurements were necessary. Since then, two new sets of measurements have been performed and it is appropriate to revise the published equations in order to improve their performance in the liquid region. In the previous work, the excess viscosity was represented by two separate equations, one for the gas phase and the other, a provisional one, for the liquid phase. Both equations were joined by a blending function. In the present work, the excess viscosity for the whole thermodynamic surface is represented by one equation. The resulting overall viscosity representation for carbon dioxide covers the temperature range 200 K⩽T⩽1500 K and densities up to 1400 kg m−3. In terms of pressure, the viscosity representation is valid up to 300 MPa for temperatures below 1000 K, whereas for higher temperatures and owing to the limitation of the equation of state used, the upper pressure limit is restricted to 30 MPa. The uncertainties associated with the proposed representation vary from ±0.3% for the viscosity of the dilute gas near room temperature to ±5.0% at the highest pressures. Tables of viscosity generated by the representative equations are included for easy reference and to assist validation of computer coding.

Saturated CO<sub>2</sub> inhibits microbial processes in CO<sub>2</sub>-vented deep-sea sediments

“…subsurface hydrothermal reservoirs laterally through the valley (Inagaki et al, 2006). Depending on heat gradients, its seepage is inhibited by gas hydrate formation and the high viscosity of the liquefied CO 2 (Fenghour et al, 1998). In situ, at pressures of > 130 atm, dissolved CO 2 concentrations in equilibrium with CO 2 hydrate, liquid, or supercritical CO 2 may reach 1000-1700 mM (Duan and Sun, 2003;Duan et al, 2006).…”

Reactive transport modeling of CO2 through cementitious materials under CO2 geological storage conditions

“…In our work we follow the work of (Fenghour et al, 1998) to calculate µ G . Details can be found in Appendix B.…”

“…Dynamic viscosity of pure CO 2 , µ G , is seen as a function of the CO 2 pressure and temperature, which is decomposed into three separate contributions as the form below, following the work of (Fenghour et al, 1998):…”

A hydromechanical approach to assess CO2 injection-induced surface uplift and caprock deflection

“…We further account for the pressure-dependent CO 2 density and viscosity according to Peng and Robinson 24 and Fenghour et al, 25 respectively, through the iterative methodology proposed by Vilarrasa et al 23 Inserting interface Eqs. (18) and (19) into the integration of Darcy's law results in the derivation of two vertically averaged overpressure expressions with the zeroth-order Hankel transformation.…”