The Visual Culture of Planning

Shanken, Andrew M.

doi:10.1177/1538513218775122

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Academics and policy makers can learn from the study of the visual societal mood about particular issues, and it is not only the facts that count in understanding and defining environmental and planning issues but also the values, norms, and emotions (Metze, 2018). This is already done in some social sciences, for example, in social movement studies (Della Porta et al, 2014;Doerr, 2017b), visual communication and culture (Mitchell, 2005;Shanken, 2018), visual rhetoric and visual framing (Clancy & Clancy, 2016;Rodriguez & Asoro, 2012), and visual anthropology (Balayannis, 2019;Cerku, 2019;Frosh, 2001;Spiegel, 2019). More recently, also in critical policy analysis (Hendriks et al, 2017), and digital sociology (Stocchetti, 2014).…”

Section: A Research Agenda: Visualization In Environmental Policy Andmentioning

confidence: 97%

Visualization in environmental policy and planning: a systematic review and research agenda

Metze

2020

Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning

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Visualizations are increasingly important for environmental policy and planning. They have great impact on how we perceive environmental problems, their solutions, and if we consider policies legitimate. The systematic review in this paper brings together 20 years of studies in visualization in environmental policy and planning. This review shows that over the last two decades, more and more studies have demonstrated that visualization plays a role in data-communication, influences decision making, public perception, public participation, and knowledge cocreation. Based on the systematic review, three research lines are developed that aim to better take into account the challenges of a global and active public that through internet and social media is formed around environmental and planning issues. We can do this by (1) moving beyond a knowledge deficit model (2) pay more attention to the material dimensions of visualizations and their role in opening up spaces for cocreation, and (3) include the study of found images as these contain information on public sentiment, and are a form of public accountability.

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Section: A Research Agenda: Visualization In Environmental Policy Andmentioning

confidence: 97%

Visualization in environmental policy and planning: a systematic review and research agenda

Metze

2020

Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning

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“…Imageability reflects the ability of landscape to create a strong visual image for the observer, thereby making it distinguishable and memorable [19]. Tveit et al [20] and Ode et al [51] used imageability to describe a VLC, while Lynch [52] and other urban planners reviewed by Shanken [53] focused on the similar concept of urban legibility.…”

Section: Measuring Imageability With the Use Of Viewpointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing GEOBIA to Landscape Imageability Assessment: A Multi-Temporal Case Study of the Nature Reserve “Kózki”, Poland

et al. 2020

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Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) is a primary remote sensing tool utilized in land-cover mapping and change detection. Land-cover patches are the primary data source for landscape metrics and ecological indicator calculations; however, their application to visual landscape character (VLC) indicators was little investigated to date. To bridge the knowledge gap between GEOBIA and VLC, this paper puts forward the theoretical concept of using viewpoint as a landscape imageability indicator into the practice of a multi-temporal land-cover case study and explains how to interpret the indicator. The study extends the application of GEOBIA to visual landscape indicator calculations. In doing so, eight different remote sensing imageries are the object of GEOBIA, starting from a historical aerial photograph (1957) and CORONA declassified scene (1965) to contemporary (2018) UAV-delivered imagery. The multi-temporal GEOBIA-delivered land-cover patches are utilized to find the minimal isovist set of viewpoints and to calculate three imageability indicators: the number, density, and spacing of viewpoints. The calculated indicator values, viewpoint rank, and spatial arrangements allow us to describe the scale, direction, rate, and reasons for VLC changes over the analyzed 60 years of landscape evolution. We found that the case study nature reserve (“Kózki”, Poland) landscape imageability transformed from visually impressive openness to imageability due to the impression of several landscape rooms enclosed by forest walls. Our results provide proof that the number, rank, and spatial arrangement of viewpoints constitute landscape imageability measured with the proposed indicators. Discussing the method’s technical limitations, we believe that our findings contribute to a better understanding of land-cover change impact on visual landscape structure dynamics and further VLC indicator development.

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“…Here we specifically situate such visual thinking within the theoretical frameworks developed by Söderström (1996); Gissen (2008), and Shanken (2018). Söderström traces the distinct histories of cartography, geography, and postmodernity, arguing that the visual representation of urban form undergirds the scientific mode of studying cities.…”

Section: Spatial Information and Urban Formmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper is organized as follows. First it situates analytical cartography within the theoretical framework of the visual culture of planning, which has traditionally sought to visualize urban space to understand city presents and futures (Gage, 2009;Gissen, 2008;Jacobs, 1984;Shanken, 2018;Söderström, 1996;Tobler, 1976)from Nolli maps (Hwang & Koile, 2005;Verstegen & Ceen, 2013) to figure-ground street diagrams (Jacobs, 1995) to rose diagrams (Mohajeri & Gudmundsson, 2014). Then it discusses an information management workflow for collecting, modeling, analyzing, and visualizing OSM big data using open source tools like OSMnx and computational methodologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Information and the Legibility of Urban Form: Big Data in Urban Morphology

Boeing

2019

SSRN Journal

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A B S T R A C TUrban planning and morphology have relied on analytical cartography and visual communication tools for centuries to illustrate spatial patterns, conceptualize proposed designs, compare alternatives, and engage the public. Classic urban form visualizationsfrom Giambattista Nolli's ichnographic maps of Rome to Allan Jacobs's figure-ground diagrams of city streetshave compressed physical urban complexity into easily comprehensible information artifacts. Today we can enhance these traditional workflows through the Smart Cities paradigm of understanding cities via user-generated content and harvested data in an information management context. New spatial technology platforms and big data offer new lenses to understand, evaluate, monitor, and manage urban form and evolution. This paper builds on the theoretical framework of visual cultures in urban planning and morphology to introduce and situate computational data science processes for exploring urban fabric patterns and spatial order. It demonstrates these workflows with OSMnx and data from OpenStreetMap, a collaborative spatial information system and mapping platform, to examine street network patterns, orientations, and configurations in different study sites around the world, considering what these reveal about the urban fabric. The age of ubiquitous urban data and computational toolkits opens up a new era of worldwide urban form analysis from integrated quantitative and qualitative perspectives.International Journal of Information Management xxx (xxxx) xxx-xxx 0268-4012/

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The Visual Culture of Planning

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Visualization in environmental policy and planning: a systematic review and research agenda

Visualization in environmental policy and planning: a systematic review and research agenda

Introducing GEOBIA to Landscape Imageability Assessment: A Multi-Temporal Case Study of the Nature Reserve “Kózki”, Poland

Spatial Information and the Legibility of Urban Form: Big Data in Urban Morphology

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