The visual perception of motion by observers with autism spectrum disorders: A review and synthesis

Kaiser, Martha D.; Shiffrar, Maggie

doi:10.3758/pbr.16.5.761

Cited by 111 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 136 publications

(215 reference statements)

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“…Although decreased sensitivity to complex motion stimuli has been demonstrated in most autism studies (Spencer et al 2000;Milne et al 2002;Bertone et al 2003;Blake et al 2003;Pellicano et al 2005;Del Viva et al 2006;Spencer and O'Brien 2006;Freitag et al 2008;Tsermentseli et al 2008;Koldewyn 2009), simple luminance-defined motion mediated by standard analysis was found to be intact when assessed in autism (Bertone et al 2003). Although the study remains the only assessment, and demonstration of intact simple motion processing in autism (Kaiser and Shiffrar 2009;Simmons et al 2009), it is congruent with findings of unaffected sensitivity to spatiotemporal contrast sensitivity targeting M-pathway (magnocellular) functioning, suggesting that atypical dynamic information processing in autism has later (extra-striate), rather than early (primary) cortical origins (Bertone et al 2005;Pellicano et al 2005;Pellicano and Gibson 2008).…”

Section: Perceptual Findingsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Using Perceptual Signatures to Define and Dissociate Condition-Specific Neural Etiology: Autism and Fragile X Syndrome as Model Conditions

Bertone

Hanck

Kogan

et al. 2010

J Autism Dev Disord

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The functional link between genetic alteration and behavioral end-state is rarely straightforward and never linear. Cases where neurodevelopmental conditions defined by a distinct genetic etiology share behavioral phenotypes are exemplary, as is the case for autism and Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). In this paper and its companion paper, we propose a method for assessing the functional link between genotype and neural alteration across these target conditions by comparing their perceptual signatures. In the present paper, we discuss how such signatures can be used to (1) define and differentiate various aspects of neural functioning in autism and FXS, and subsequently, (2) to infer candidate causal (genetic) mechanisms based on such signatures (see companion paper, this issue).

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Section: Perceptual Findingsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Using Perceptual Signatures to Define and Dissociate Condition-Specific Neural Etiology: Autism and Fragile X Syndrome as Model Conditions

Bertone

Hanck

Kogan

et al. 2010

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…Instead, their viewing behavior was well explained by preferential attention to nonsocial audiovisual contingencies that were ignored by typically developing children and developmentally delayed children without autism. Moreover, disrupted perceptual sensitivity to biological motion has been documented in older children with ASD (15). Neuroimaging studies examining the neural correlates of point-light biological motion perception in adults with and without ASD have consistently implicated the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) region as an area of dysfunction (16,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural signatures of autism

Kaiser¹,

Hudac²,

Shultz

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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311

305

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain responses to biological motion in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), unaffected siblings (US) of children with ASD, and typically developing (TD) children has revealed three types of neural signatures: (i) state activity, related to the state of having ASD that characterizes the nature of disruption in brain circuitry; (ii) trait activity, reflecting shared areas of dysfunction in US and children with ASD, thereby providing a promising neuroendophenotype to facilitate efforts to bridge genomic complexity and disorder heterogeneity; and (iii) compensatory activity, unique to US, suggesting a neural systemlevel mechanism by which US might compensate for an increased genetic risk for developing ASD. The distinct brain responses to biological motion exhibited by TD children and US are striking given the identical behavioral profile of these two groups. These findings offer far-reaching implications for our understanding of the neural systems underlying autism.endophenotype | functional magnetic resonance imaging

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“…Clinical differences in high and low functioning individuals on the ASD spectrum, along with age and the demands of the complexity of the studies may also contribute to discrepant conclusions as proposed by Kaiser and Shiffrar (2009) [54]. In addition, individuals with ASD show an altered behavioural style of how they attend to the world [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Motion and pattern cortical potentials in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder

et al. 2012

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition in which visual perception to both static and moving stimuli is altered. The aim of this study was to investigate the early cortical responses of subjects with ASD to simple patterns and moving radial rings using visual evoked potentials (VEP). Permanent repository link MethodsMale ASD participants (n=9) and typically developing (TD) individuals (n=7) were matched for full, performance and verbal IQ (p>0.263). VEPs were recorded to the pattern reversing checks of 50'sidelength presented with Michelson contrasts of 98% and 10% and to the onset of motion -either expansion or contraction of low contrast concentric rings, (33.3% duty cycle at 10% contrast). ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups in the VEPs elicited by pattern reversal checkerboards of high (98%) or low (10%) contrast. The ASD group had a significantly larger N160 peak (1.85 x) amplitude to motion onset VEPs elicited by the expansion of radial rings (p=0.001). No differences were evident in contraction VEP peak amplitudes nor in the latencies of the motion onset N160 peaks. There was no evidence of a response that could be associated with adaptation to the motion stimulus in the inter-stimulus interval following an expansion or contraction phase of the rings. ConclusionThese data support a difference in processing of motion onset stimuli in this adult, high functioning ASD group compared to the TD group. 3Key Words:Autism Spectrum Disorder, Motion onset, Pattern reversal, VEPs, ContrastIntroduction:

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The visual perception of motion by observers with autism spectrum disorders: A review and synthesis

Cited by 111 publications

References 136 publications

Using Perceptual Signatures to Define and Dissociate Condition-Specific Neural Etiology: Autism and Fragile X Syndrome as Model Conditions

Using Perceptual Signatures to Define and Dissociate Condition-Specific Neural Etiology: Autism and Fragile X Syndrome as Model Conditions

Neural signatures of autism

Motion and pattern cortical potentials in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder

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