This work presents an advancement in a theory of career problem-solving and decision-making, namely, Cognitive Information Processing (CIP). New conceptualizations of the Pyramid of Information Processing domains and CASVE Cycle are defined and discussed. Developmental aspects, internal aspects and external presses of the career decision context, and the role of self-regulated learning are presented with implications for career counseling in fostering transferable career problem-solving and decision-making skills. The metacognitive aspect of CIP has been expanded to discuss the implications of new considerations of beliefs, experiences, and knowledge in reflecting on the career decision-making process. Suggestions for further avenues of research are proposed based on theoretical modifications presented.