The Voice of Cognition: Active and Passive Voice Influence Distance and Construal

Chan, Eugene Y.; Maglio, Sam J.

doi:10.1177/0146167219867784

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…At the start of the study, participants answered one question- Afterward, they responded to the dependent variables, perceived usefulness, flow, as well as several control measures (e.g., perceived ease of use, filter novelty, filter familiarity, augmented reality familiarity, and data handling knowledge). Participants completed manipulation checks assessing the hypothetical distance of the information disclosure (see Chan & Maglio, 2020;Kang, 2020), which offers a representation of concrete versus abstract construal (Trope et al, 2007). As an attention check, we again asked participants to provide a name or a short description of the filter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privacy concerns when using augmented reality face filters? Explaining why and when use avoidance occurs

Cowan

Javornik

Jiang

2021

Psychology and Marketing

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Augmented reality face filters (e.g., Snapchat) are ubiquitous in today's market. Yet, we know little about the impact of individuals' concerns for their own and others' privacy and sharing biometric facial data while interacting with such augmented reality face filters. Our study aims to uncover whether privacy concerns affect responses toward augmented reality face filter apps, as well as the underlying mechanisms of this process, specifically perceived usefulness and flow. First, a survey study shows that individual perceptions of privacy concerns indirectly decrease use intentions and word‐of‐mouth via perceived usefulness and flow. Second, integrating construal level theory, we demonstrate in an experimental study that users report lower use intentions and word‐of‐mouth (again mediated through perceived usefulness and flow) when providing a concrete (vs. abstract) privacy policy. Additionally, we offer evidence for boundary effects and show that these patterns emerge only when users interacted with highly hedonic filters. The research demonstrates that privacy concerns related to use of augmented reality face filters indirectly affects future behavioral intentions and explains the phenomenon through lenses of the privacy paradox and construal level theory. By accounting for how people process information, the research evidence novel mechanisms for interrupting the privacy paradox.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privacy concerns when using augmented reality face filters? Explaining why and when use avoidance occurs

Cowan

Javornik

Jiang

2021

Psychology and Marketing

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“…Because the passive voice conveys a sense of detached objectivity on the part of the author, readers similarly come to feel psychologically removed from the content of the communication. For that reason, reading even a single sentence framed in the passive (vs. the active) voice causes readers to infer that the events described in the text are psychologically distant (i.e., farther away in space, time, and probability; Chan & Maglio, ). In addition to what firms say, how firms say it also affects consumer inferences of psychological distance.…”

Section: Antecedentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distance in consumer psychology: Consequences and antecedents

Maglio

2019

Consumer Psychology Review

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Wherever consumers envision faraway locations, remember the past, predict the future, consider the perspective of others, or entertain remote possibilities, their minds extrapolate beyond what lies in front of them to something psychologically distant.Conjuring and considering that which is psychologically distant thus lies at the heart of how most people spend a substantial portion of their lives. As integrated here, seeing something as psychologically distant causes people to think about and act on it in systematically different ways than the same thing seen as psychologically close. Recent advances in these consequences suggest that the effects of psychological distance on consumer decision-making continue to grow increasingly nuanced.Consumer outcomes thus at times benefit from seeing things as near and, at other times, benefit from seeing things as far. Accordingly, this review thereafter summarizes the antecedents that lead people to see things as psychologically distant or psychologically close. It closes in considering how future considerations might expand the conceptualization and application of psychological distance. K E Y W O R D Sprobability, psychological distance, social distance, space, time

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“…How the use of direct or indirect speech affects the perceived psychological distance was not examined. Actually, existing literature suggests that certain aspects of language such as the level of politeness (Stephan et al, 2010), the voice (passive and active) of a sentence (Chan & Maglio, 2020), and even the type of vowels (Maglio & Feder, 2017) will influence perceived psychological distance. It would be interesting for future studies to test whether reported speech both reflects and regulates psychological distance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of direct and indirect speech across psychological distance

Dijkstra

Zwaan

2022

Mem Cogn

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The current study investigated how psychological distance affects people’s preference for direct and indirect speech in a narrative task. In three experiments, participants were instructed to first watch a video and then retell what happened in the video to an imagined/anticipated listener. We manipulated social distance (Experiment 1), temporal distance (Experiment 2), and spatial distance (Experiment 3) between participants and the listener. We compared the proportions of direct speech in the narrations from psychologically proximal versus distal conditions. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that social and temporal proximity increased the rates of direct speech. Social and temporal distance, conversely, increased the rates of indirect speech. Experiment 3 did not yield a significant difference in the use of direct and indirect speech between spatially proximal and distal conditions. Taken together, our results indicate that different psychological dimensions might have discrepant effects on people’s choices between direct and indirect speech. Possible explanations for the discrepancy among different psychological distance dimensions are discussed.

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The Voice of Cognition: Active and Passive Voice Influence Distance and Construal

Cited by 23 publications

References 53 publications

Privacy concerns when using augmented reality face filters? Explaining why and when use avoidance occurs

Privacy concerns when using augmented reality face filters? Explaining why and when use avoidance occurs

Psychological distance in consumer psychology: Consequences and antecedents

The use of direct and indirect speech across psychological distance

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