The Volatile Compounds of the Elderflowers Extract and the Essential Oil

Abstract

Sambucus nigra L. (Caprifoliaceae) known as "black elder" is widely used as both food and medicinal plant in Europe. Elderflowers are consumed as herbal tea and its gargle has benefits in respiratory tract illnesses such as cough, influenza, inflammation in throat. In this study, we aimed to show the compositions of the volatile compounds-rich in extract and the essential oil of the elderflowers cultivated in Kütahya, Turkey. HS-SPME (Headspace-Solid Phase MicroExtraction) technique was employed to trap volatile compounds in the hexane extract of dried elderflowers. The volatile compounds in the essential oil from elderflowers isolated by hydrodistillation were analyzed GC and GC-MS systems, simultaneously. Results for the n-hexane extract: thirty volatile compounds were identified representing 84.4% of the sample. cis-Linalool oxide (27.3%) and 2-hexanone (10.5%) were found to be main compounds of the n-hexane extract. Results for the essential oil: fifteen volatile compounds were identified representing 90.4% of the oil. Heneicosane (18.8%), tricosane (17.3%), nonadecane (13%) and pentacosane (10.3%) were the major compounds of the oil.

Volatile Constituents of Some Selected Plant Species Traditionally Used as Tea in the Sharri Mountains (Kosovo)

“…Carvacrol (1.95%), citronellol (1.9%), and methyl citronellate (1.90%) were the most prominent oxygenated monoterpenes, while trans - α -bergamotene (1.01%) and germacrene D (1.08%) were the principal sesquiterpenes. Our results were in agreement with previously published results of elderberry flower volatile constituents originated from Turkey, dominated by heneicosane (18.8%), tricosane (17.3%), nonadecane (13%), and pentacosane (10.3%) [ 20 ]. On the other hand, in samples collected in France, the principal components were hydrocarbons, ethers and oxides, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, and acids.…”

Supercritical CO2 Plant Extracts Show Antifungal Activities against Crop-Borne Fungi

“…The 5 main compounds detected here were ethyl palmitate (12.46%), n-pentacosane (11.09%), n-tricosane (10.76%), n-heneicosane (10.09%) and an unidentified peak (18.75%). Similarly, heneicosane (18.8%), tricosane (17.3%) and pentacosane (10.3%) were confirmed as the main compounds in an elderberry flower essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation [ 17 ].…”

Headspace Volatile Organic and Phenolic Compounds in Elderflowers and Elderflower Teas of Blue Elderberry (Sambucus nigra ssp. cerulea)

“…Similarly, studies indicate that in fresh and dried flowers analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS), linalool oxides are the main aroma compounds. , Linalool oxide has a floral, herbal, earthy, and green odor . In hexane extracts of dry elderflowers analyzed via HS-SPME/GC–MS, cis -linalool oxide and 2-hexanone were the primary volatiles . The compound 2-hexanone has a fruity, fungal, meaty, and buttery odor .…”