The voluntary intake and digestibility of combinations of cereal crop residues and legume hay for sheep

Mosi, A.K.; Butterworth, M. H.

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(85)90001-x

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…However, the animals on the autoclaved EC diets consumed more grass than others on concentrate. Several reports indicate that supplementation of basal grass diets improves feed intake and liveweight gains [19] [20]. The liveweight changes in this study were higher for biodegraded EC diets but not significantly different from the grass diet which had least liveweight gain.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed Biodegraded <i>Enterolobium cyclocarpum</i> Based Diets

Ayuk¹,

Iyayi²,

Okon³

et al. 2014

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The performance and economics of production of West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep was investigated in an experiment that lasted for 70 days. Twelve male sheep averaging 9.9 kg in liveweight and aged 7 -9 months were randomly assigned to four treatment groups in a completely randomized design with three animals per treatment. Chemical composition of diets, intake, liveweight gain and cost implication of feeding WAD sheep with grass, a conventional concentrate, an autoclaved and biodegraded Enterolobium cyclocarpum based diet were determined. The crude protein content of Guinea grass (4.43%) was relatively low compared to that of biodegraded Enterolobium cyclocarpum (14.13%). Total consumption and liveweight change were not significantly different (P < 0.05). The growth rate of animals fed concentrates were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those on the grass diet. Cost per Kg of feed was the highest for control and least for guinea grass diet. However, cost per unit gain was the highest for Guinea grass diet (N 176.73) and least for biodegraded Enterolobium cyclocarpum diet (N 72.62). It was cheaper to produce 1 kg mutton using biodegraded EC diets than control, autoclaved and guinea grass diets respectively. The results suggest that biodegrading of Enterolobium cyclocarpum improved its nutrient quality, utilization and the performance and economy of production of West African Dwarf sheep.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed Biodegraded <i>Enterolobium cyclocarpum</i> Based Diets

Ayuk¹,

Iyayi²,

Okon³

et al. 2014

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“…AFRC (1993) guidelines suggest that 20 kg male wethers require about 3.8 MJ metabolisable energy (ME) daily for maintenance. Mosi and Butterworth (1985) reported MS intakes of 2.9 MJ ME, while in this study (using a value of 5.7 MJ ME/kg MS calculated from the OM digestibility values (MAFF, 1984) obtained in the digestibility study) with observed intakes of 0.35 kg DM, it is unlikely that the negative controls consumed much above 2.0 MJ ME daily, and hence their continual loss of body condition over the feeding study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…For instance, lignin contents of the MS residues for the negative control, CC, forage and dual-purpose types at 150 and 300 g supplementation treatments were 10, 8, 9, 9, 10 and 8 g lignin/kg DM, respectively. Interestingly, Mosi and Butterworth (1985) observed that animals offered MS alone showed less selectivity against lignin than when supplemented with trifolium hay, suggesting a degree of substitution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, since an objective of this work was to increase CCR intake and utilisation, and not to simply increase total intake, these results suggest that it may be impractical to supplement CCR with CC (due to cost, poor availability and variable quality) in Ethiopian smallholder farming systems. Although the improved MS intake following cowpea supplementation may be due to an increased supply of readily degradable carbohydrate, stimulating ruminal fibre degradation (Silva and Ørskov, 1988), it is more likely the result of enhanced rumen ammonia levels (Mosi and Butterworth, 1985;Bonsi et al, 1994;Akinlade et al, 2005). The increased faecal-N output results partly from the greater synthesis of rumen microbial protein, a possible increased passage of undegradable feed protein due to reduced rumen retention times or to an elevated hind-gut (caecal) fermentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of supplementing maize stover with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) haulms on the intake and growth performance of Ethiopian sheep

Koralagama

Mould

Fernández-Rivera³

et al. 2008

Animal

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This study compared the effect of supplementing maize stover (MS) with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) haulms or commercial concentrate (CC) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, live weight gain and carcass yield of male Ethiopian Highland sheep. Two cowpea genotypes, 12688 (forage) and IT96D-774 (dual-purpose), were used. A randomised block design was applied with groups of eight sheep, blocked by weight, allocated to one of six treatments; MS ad libitum either unsupplemented or supplemented daily with 150 or 300 g dry matter (DM) of either cowpea or CC. MS contained more neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and lignin than either cowpeas or CC. Crude protein (CP) content of the forage-type cowpeas was higher than either dual-purpose or CC, while MS had the lowest CP content. Relative to the negative control group, cowpea at either level significantly (P , 0.01) increased both MS intake and total NDF and lignin. Supplementation significantly (P , 0.01) increased nitrogen (N) intakes relative to the negative control, with N intake for CC and dual-purpose cowpea (high level) being similar to the intakes for cowpeas at 150 g. N intake with the forage-type cowpea offered at higher levels was significantly (P , 0.01) greater than the other groups. No significant differences (P . 0.01) in MS intake were identified between cowpeas at either level or CC and, although intake level of CC increased, it did not differ significantly from the negative control group. Supplementation significantly (P , 0.01) improved average daily gain, with the negative control group losing weight over the experimental period, and increased final live weight, carcass cold weight and dressing percentage. Supplementation significantly improved the apparent digestibility of DM, organic matter and NDF, with no significant difference found between cowpeas at either level. N retention was negative for sheep offered only MS, but positive with all supplements, with cowpeas improving N retention to a greater extent than CC. Interestingly, N retention/N intake was higher with cowpeas offered at the lower level suggesting an improvement in utilisation efficiency. The results indicate that the supplementation of MS with cowpea enhanced ruminant production through improvements in digestibility and intake. Further, as production improvements associated with the two levels of supplementation did not differ significantly, it is suggested that where limited quantities of cowpea are available, it may be of greater nutritional benefit to offer smaller quantities over an increased number of animal days.

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“…As a consequence the overall nutritive value of the coarse-stemmed CR may be very low in some circumstances. Among the small cereals, oat straw is generally considered to have the highest nutritive value, followed by barley, wheat, and rye straw, and with rice straw having the lowest value (Dias-da-Silva and Guedes, 1990;Mosi and Butterworth, 1985).…”

Section: Variation In Composition and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Options for improving the yield and nutritive value of maize and grain legume residues for ruminants in East African farming systems

Dejene¹

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The role and importance of livestock in smallholder crop-livestock systems and the importance of crop residues (CR) as ruminant feedstuffs in such systems are well established. The effects of genotype (G), environment (E) and crop management (M) factors on yields of grain and CR and the nutritive value of the CR of maize (Zea mays) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) were investigated in an East African context. Genotype effects were examined in early and medium maturing (EM and MM, respectively) maize hybrids and popular varieties of common bean. Environment was examined at three sites for maize in the 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons and at four sites for common bean in 2013. Management effects examined were plant density (D) (5 and 7 plants/m 2 ), height of cutting at harvest in maize, and harvest at early and final seed maturity in common bean. Quality attributes (nitrogen (N), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents and dry matter digestibility (DMD)) were analysed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and calibrations expanded and validated with reference samples of CR representing the experimental sample set.There was substantial variation (P<0.05 to P<0.0001) among maize genotypes in yields of grain and stover and quality of stover as a feedstuff. Dual purpose genotypes were identified but G x E interactions for some yield and quality attributes showed that the variation among genotypes can depend on environment. In general the higher D increased yields of grain by 9-15% and stover by 21-31%, but had only minor effects on stover quality attributes. Year (Y) x density (D), G x E and G x D interactions were observed for some of the yield and stover attributes.High cutting height of maize (two internodes below the lowest ear) allowed harvest of most of the stover (on average 63-72% in EM and MM genotypes, respectively) as feedstuff while leaving stubble in the field available for other uses. This is established practice by farmers in some regions. The amount and quality as a feedstuff of the upper and lower stover components varied (P<0.01) among genotypes. N and DMD were 0.05-0.09% and 1.7-3.6%, respectively higher (P<0.0001) in the upper fraction of the stover than in whole stover. Thus evaluation and estimation of the amount and quality of maize stover available as a feedstuff should consider harvest at high cutting height to increase quality. G x E interactions were observed in yield and in some stover attributes in the upper and lower fractions, but these were not consistent.ii Common bean varieties varied (P<0.05 to P<0.0001) in yields of seed and haulm and in the nutritive value of haulm fractions (leaf, stem and pod wall) when harvested at seed maturity. There was extensive leaf loss at seed maturity which decreased haulm quality.Seed and haulm yields were correlated (r=0.87). Seed yield was generally not related to haulm quality as N% or DMD%. The variation in yield and haulm feedstuff quality was also examined in common bean varieties harvested at early se...

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The voluntary intake and digestibility of combinations of cereal crop residues and legume hay for sheep

Abstract: Summary

Cited by 56 publications

References 3 publications

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed Biodegraded <i>Enterolobium cyclocarpum</i> Based Diets

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed Biodegraded <i>Enterolobium cyclocarpum</i> Based Diets

The effect of supplementing maize stover with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) haulms on the intake and growth performance of Ethiopian sheep

Options for improving the yield and nutritive value of maize and grain legume residues for ruminants in East African farming systems

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The voluntary intake and digestibility of combinations of cereal crop residues and legume hay for sheep

Abstract: Summary

Cited by 56 publications

References 3 publications

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed Biodegraded &lt;i&gt;Enterolobium cyclocarpum&lt;/i&gt; Based Diets

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed Biodegraded &lt;i&gt;Enterolobium cyclocarpum&lt;/i&gt; Based Diets

The effect of supplementing maize stover with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) haulms on the intake and growth performance of Ethiopian sheep

Options for improving the yield and nutritive value of maize and grain legume residues for ruminants in East African farming systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed Biodegraded <i>Enterolobium cyclocarpum</i> Based Diets

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed Biodegraded <i>Enterolobium cyclocarpum</i> Based Diets