“The wage-earning woman and the state”: The national women's trade union league and protective labor legislation, 1903–1923

Kirkby, Diane

doi:10.1080/00236568700890031

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As much as reformers wanted to achieve more equitable pay for women, they also believed the ideal-though it would not necessarily apply to them-would be for women to be paid equally to men, but with the goal of effectively excluding women from the labor market so that they would stay home with their children (Kirkby 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rhetorical Evolution of the Minimum Wage

Levin-Waldman¹

2000

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The concept of the minimum wage has undergone several rhetorical permutations. Originally conceived as a living wage, which would be a family wage, it ultimately became a matter of macroeconomic policy, where the goals were to achieve greater efficiency and in some cases economic development. In recent years, the rhetoric has narrowed to a debate that revolves around a youth disemployment effect on the one hand and assisting the poor on the other. This paper traces the rhetorical evolution of the minimum wage and shows how the rhetoric employed by various groups has been shaped by the specifics of the political and economic environment.

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confidence: 99%

The Rhetorical Evolution of the Minimum Wage

Levin-Waldman¹

2000

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“…As Nancy Schrom Dye (1980, p. 45) points out, the NWTUL goals were formulated on the basis of women's economic role as workers rather than their social roles as wives and mothers. The evidence clearly supported their claims about women's inferior working conditions (Baer 1978;Kirby 1987). The unequal circumstances faced by women relative to men in the labor force, according to the NWTUL, necessitated legal protection for women workers.…”

Section: Organized Workersmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The NWTUL's argument to support its position on protective laws, however, was different from that of the progressive groups (that women must be protected because they are the mothers of the next generation). Rather, the NWTUL argued that working women when compared to working men typically held lower-paying and less-skilled jobs and experienced greater unemployment (Kirby 1987). As Nancy Schrom Dye (1980, p. 45) points out, the NWTUL goals were formulated on the basis of women's economic role as workers rather than their social roles as wives and mothers.…”

Section: Organized Workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Politics of Protection: State Minimum Wage and Maximum Hours Laws for Women in the United States, 1870–1930

McCammon

1995

The Sociological Quarterly

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This article examines the factors influencing the enactment of protective legislation for women, specifically maximum hours and minimum wage laws, by state lawmakers in the United States between 1870 and 1930. Traditional class theories of the state argue that employers are generally able to shape state policies to suit their interests. Yet, although employers staunchly opposed protective laws, most states enacted such laws. This article seeks to understand the conditions under which social groups, such as the women's reform groups who supported protective laws, are able to win legislative reforms in the face of employer resistance. Four conditions are found that allowed a gendered movement to counter the economic interests of employers: the women's groups' ability to form organizations and coalitions with powerful political actors, their use of a legitimating ideology, historically specific circumstances that reduced employer opposition, and the nature of the particular form of legislation being demanded.

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“…Social reformers in the vanguard of the movement to achieve more equitable pay were women, who also firmly believed that the ideal --though it would not necessarily apply to them --was for women to be paid at a rate equal to men. If this were to become the norm, women would be effectively excluded from the labor market, and thus would stay home with their children (Kirkby 1987). These ideas therefore represented the great paradox.…”

Section: Protective Labor Legislation For Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Minimum Wage in Historical Perspective: Progressive Reformers and the Constitutional Jurisprudence of 'Liberty of Contract'

Levin-Waldman

1998

SSRN Journal

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“The wage-earning woman and the state”: The national women's trade union league and protective labor legislation, 1903–1923

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

The Rhetorical Evolution of the Minimum Wage

The Rhetorical Evolution of the Minimum Wage

The Politics of Protection: State Minimum Wage and Maximum Hours Laws for Women in the United States, 1870–1930

The Minimum Wage in Historical Perspective: Progressive Reformers and the Constitutional Jurisprudence of 'Liberty of Contract'

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