The Wear of Tundish Stopper Refractories by Inclusion Slags

Corrosion of Nozzle Refractories by Liquid Inclusion in High Oxygen Steels

“…10. For example, Al2O3-C refractory can be more stable than MgO-C refractory against the MnO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag, as reported by Xie et al 4) because the liquid slag can be readily saturated with Al2O3 with small amount of Al2O3 dissolution but a large amount of MgAl2O4 should be dissolved until the slag is saturated with (Mg,Mn)Al2O4.…”

“…All the previous experimental studies on the corrosion of refractories were performed with molten steels and therefore it was hard to understand the direct influence of liquid inclusion in high oxygen steel on the refractory wear. Recently, Xie et al 4) performed the corrosion experiments of tundish stopper refractories against liquid inclusion slags. Refractories of Al2O3-C, ZrO2-C and MgO-C were dipped in two types of liquid inclusion slags (CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 based slag considering Al deoxidation and Ca treatment, and MnO-Al2O3-SiO2 based slag considering Mn-Si deoxidation without Ca treatment).…”

Corrosion Behavior of Al2O3‐C Refractories with Casting Mould Meniscus Slags at 1 550 °C

“…Johnson and Sutler examined the effect of grain size and purity of Al 2 O 3 on slag penetration, and concluded that the concentration of impurities at the grain boundaries overshadowed any grain size effect. Among several refractories tested, Al 2 O 3 –C was found to be one of the best performers in terms of resistance to both the inclusion attack and internal carbon reaction . For a slag containing FeO, vigorous reaction was observed between the refractory and the slag and resulted in the growth of gas bubbles which replaced the liquid slag below the sample.…”

Numerical Simulation of Influence of Changing a Dam Height on Liquid Steel Flow and Behaviour of Non-metallic Inclusions in the Tundish

“…Due to the systematically depleting iron ore deposits, the electric arc process is more and more commonly used for steel production, which relies on scrap being the main carrier of impurities that might penetrate into the structure of steel material. Therefore it seems justifiable to develop and improve the processes of ladle treatment and continuous casting of liquid steel (Matsuura et al, 2007;Tanaka et al, 1994;Lachmund & Xie, 2003;Xie et al, 2005;Gupta & Chandra, 2004;Basu et al, 2004). Presently, the liquid metal as prepared on the ladle furnace stand has the required metallurgical purity and temperature allowing it to be cast by the continuous method.…”