The weathering hypothesis as an explanation for racial disparities in health: a systematic review

Forde, Allana T.; Crookes, Danielle M.; Suglia, Shakira F.; Demmer, Ryan T.

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.02.011

Cited by 230 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

155

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[30][31][32][33] The weathering hypothesis, in which chronic stress leads to accelerated aging and earlier onset of adverse health conditions, may also be a risk factor in preterm birth. 34 While the contribution of genetics alone likely plays a small role in differential risk for preterm birth, 35 gene-environment interactions may explain differences. [36][37][38][39] There is evidence of an association between DNA methylation and preterm birth among black women.…”

Section: Increased Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

The color of health: how racism, segregation, and inequality affect the health and well-being of preterm infants and their families

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Racism, segregation, and inequality contribute to health outcomes and drive health disparities across the life course, including for newborn infants and their families. In this review, we address their effects on the health and well-being of newborn infants and their families with a focus on preterm birth. We discuss three causal pathways: increased risk; lower-quality care; and socioeconomic disadvantages that persist into infancy, childhood, and beyond. For each pathway, we propose specific interventions and research priorities that may remedy the adverse effects of racism, segregation, and inequality. Infants and their families will not realize the full benefit of advances in perinatal and neonatal care until we, collectively, accept our responsibility for addressing the range of determinants that shape long-term outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Increased Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

The color of health: how racism, segregation, and inequality affect the health and well-being of preterm infants and their families

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Specifically, racism and related stressors lead to the early onset of chronic illness (e.g., hypertension, diabetes), disability brought on by stress, and excess mortality among disadvantaged groups (Geronimus et al, 2015). According to a recent review, weathering was evident among Black Americans, Afro‐Latinos, and Blacks of Caribbean and African descent in the United Kingdom (Forde, Crookes, Suglia, & Demmer, 2019).…”

Section: Indicators Of Accelerated Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Luta Continua¹: Next Steps for Racism Research Among Black American Youth

Seaton

2020

Child Dev Perspectives

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research examining the impact of racism among Black American children and adolescents has exploded in recent years. Given what we have learned about racism among Black American youth, in this article, I provide recommendations for developmental scientists. First, we need to examine other types of racism‐related stressors, namely internalized racism, vicarious racism, environmental racism, Internet assessments of racism, and racial macro stressors. A recent racial macro stressor that should be studied is Covid‐19, which has had devastating effects on the Black American community. Second, we need to examine middle childhood and adolescence as early periods of accelerated aging due to experiencing racism early in life. Adolescence may be a sensitive period given research illustrating that experiences of racial discrimination in adolescence affect adult health. Measurement is critical because these recommendations cannot be realized without developing new measures and incorporating diverse methods.

show abstract

“…It is no surprise to some that COVID‐19 is exposing health disparities in the United States, which is outranked only by Portugal and Chile on income‐based health inequities (Hero, Zaslavsky, & Blendon, 2017). The “weathering hypothesis”––defined as “chronic exposure to social and economic disadvantage [that] leads to accelerated decline in physical health outcomes and could partially explain racial disparities in a wide array of health conditions” (Forde, Crookes, Suglia, & Demmer, 2019)––provides a possible framework for better understanding these disparities (Forde et al, 2019; Geronimus, Hicken, Keene, & Bound, 2006). This phenomenon manifests in higher rates of chronic medical conditions, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, and diabetes among people of color compared with NH Whites (CDC, 2018; Maxwell, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial Disparities in COVID‐19 Mortality Among Essential Workers in the United States

Rogers¹,

Rogers²,

VanSant-Webb³

et al. 2020

World Med & Health Policy

267

209

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Racial disparities are apparent in the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in the United States, yet the factors contributing to racial inequities in COVID‐19 mortality remain controversial. To better understand these factors, we investigated racial disparities in COVID‐19 mortality among America's essential workers. Data from the American Community Survey and Current Population Survey was used to examine the correlation between the prevalence of COVID‐19 deaths and occupational differences across racial/ethnic groups and states. COVID‐19 mortality was higher among non‐Hispanic (NH) Blacks compared with NH Whites, due to more NH Blacks holding essential‐worker positions. Vulnerability to coronavirus exposure was increased among NH Blacks, who disproportionately occupied the top nine essential occupations. As COVID‐19 death rates continue to rise, existing structural inequalities continue to shape racial disparities in this pandemic. Policies mandating the disaggregation of state‐level data by race/ethnicity are vital to ensure equitable and evidence‐based response and recovery efforts.

show abstract

The weathering hypothesis as an explanation for racial disparities in health: a systematic review

Cited by 230 publications

References 49 publications

The color of health: how racism, segregation, and inequality affect the health and well-being of preterm infants and their families

The color of health: how racism, segregation, and inequality affect the health and well-being of preterm infants and their families

A Luta Continua¹: Next Steps for Racism Research Among Black American Youth

Racial Disparities in COVID‐19 Mortality Among Essential Workers in the United States

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The weathering hypothesis as an explanation for racial disparities in health: a systematic review

Cited by 230 publications

References 49 publications

The color of health: how racism, segregation, and inequality affect the health and well-being of preterm infants and their families

The color of health: how racism, segregation, and inequality affect the health and well-being of preterm infants and their families

A Luta Continua1: Next Steps for Racism Research Among Black American Youth

Racial Disparities in COVID‐19 Mortality Among Essential Workers in the United States

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A Luta Continua¹: Next Steps for Racism Research Among Black American Youth