The Wide Range of Antibiotic Resistance and Variability of Genotypic Profiles in Escherichia coli from Domestic Animals in Eastern Sicily

Russo, Nunziatina; Stamilla, Alessandro; Cascone, Giuseppe; Randazzo, Cinzia Lucia; Messina, Antonino; Lanza, Massimiliano; Pino, Alessandra; Caggia, Cinzia; Antoci, Francesco

doi:10.3390/antibiotics10010028

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, the overuse and misuse of antifungal agents have contributed to the development of AFR [37] [39] [41] [42] [43]. Antifungal agents are overused or misused in humans [44] [45], animals [46], agriculture [47] [48], and other environmental sectors [49]. This overuse and misuse have contributed to the occurrence of AFR in the One Health ecosystem [50] [51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Fungal Infections and Antifungal Resistance from 1961 to 2024: Findings and Future Implications

Mudenda

2024

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Background: Antifungal resistance (AFR) is a global public health problem with devastating effects, especially among immunocompromised individuals. Addressing AFR requires a One Health approach including Antifungal Stewardship (AFS). This study aimed to comprehensively review global studies published on fungal infections and AFR and to recommend solutions to address this growing problem. Materials and Methods: This was a narrative review that was conducted using published papers on fungal infections, AFR, and AFS between January 1961 and March 2024. The literature was searched using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Results: This found that there has been an increase in fungal infections globally, especially among immunocompromised patients. Due to this increase in fungal infections, there has been a proportionate increase in the use of antifungal agents to prevent and treat fungal infections. This increased use of antifungal agents has worsened the problem of AFR contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. Globally, fungal infections have contributed to 150 million infections annually and 1.7 million deaths per year. By the year 2023, over 3.8 million people died from fungal infections. Addressing AFR remains a challenge because the treatment of antifungal-resistant infections is difficult. Finally, the treatment of fungal infections is a global challenge exacerbated by the limited number of antifungal agents to treat invasive fungal infections. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that fungal infections and AFR are prevalent across humans, animals, agriculture, and the environment. Addressing this problem requires the provision of solutions such as improving the awareness of AFR, conducting further research on the discovery of new antifungal agents, and implementing AFS programs. If this global problem is not addressed, the morbidity and mortality associated with AFR will continue to rise in the future.How to cite this paper: Mudenda, S.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Fungal Infections and Antifungal Resistance from 1961 to 2024: Findings and Future Implications

Mudenda

2024

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“…Often, SCK-positive milk samples are associated with an elevate value of somatic cell count (SCC) ( 8 ). In addition, during the preclinical stage of ketosis, the risk of contracting other metabolic disorders and even other pathologies, increases due to an impairment of the immune functions ( 9 , 10 ). Therefore, the monitoring of postpartum SCK is essential to decrease the risk of clinical ketosis and related problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Ketosis in Dairy Herds: Impact of Early Diagnosis and Treatment

et al. 2022

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Clinical and subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy cows occurs during the lactation period frequently in many herds, causing a reduction in milk yield and alterations in milk quality with significant economic losses for farmers. SCK is defined as a preclinical stage of ketosis characterized by an elevated ketone body level without clinical signs. Often many cows develop an elevated ketone body level during the first weeks of lactation even though it never goes up to a critical point causing clinical signs. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SCK in Sicily and assess the effect of a treatment with propylene glycol (PG) to control the SCK, thus, reducing the negative effect on milk quality yield. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 22 farms located south-east of Sicily and 1,588 cows in lactation. A total of 3,989 individual milk samples were collected from calving to 80 subsequently days to check the β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) values in order to establish the SCK status by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Moreover, the contents of fat, protein, lactose, casein, urea, somatic cell count and acetone were evaluated to identify a correlation between SCK and milk quality. A total of 1,100 cows showed BHB values higher than 0.10 mmol/L. These cows were considered SCK positive, were separated from the rest of the herd, and treated with PG (400 g/head per day), all SCK cows were treated with PG and cows without SCK were not treated. The results showed a prevalence of 41.5% of SCK-positive cows during the first 9 days of lactation. The comparison among the cure rate of treated cows shows that the treatment was most effective in the first 7 days of lactation (76.5% of treated cows) than in the following days. PG positively influenced the milk quality parameters, except for the fat proportion. Moreover, the animals treated with PG showed also an increase in milk yield, supporting the economical sustainability of treatment.

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“…These two species are associated with a wide range of infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, septicemia, and soft tissue infections in humans (Ghosh et al, 2019). They also cause infections in cats, dogs, birds, horses, monkeys, pigs, rats, elephants, and poultry (Mobasseri et al, 2019;Russo et al, 2021). Specifically E. coli infections in chicken viz airsacculitis, cellulitis, pericarditis, perihepatitis, and respiratory distress, are critical production-limiting disease for the poultry industry (Ghosh et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from poultry in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

e¹,

Diarra²,

Bonkoungou³

et al. 2021

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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This study aimed to determine the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing (ESBL) and multidrug resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ouagadougou in two poultry farms and two slaughterhouses. 375 cloacal swabs and 46 environment samples were collected and members of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated on EMB agar containing 4 µg/L of cefotaxime. E. coli and K. pneumoniae were identified using biochemical tests and ESBL production was confirmed by the double-disc synergy test. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disc diffusion method. Prevalence of faecal ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 12.11% (95% CI = 9.3-15.6). In sampling sites, the prevalence were 5.15% in Farm A, 2.22% in Farm B, 17.50% in slaughterhouse C, 20.59% in slaughterhouse D and 19.57% in environment. E. coli (n = 43) and K. pneumoniae (n = 13) were frequently identified. ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae MDR was 89.29% (95% CI = 78.5-95.0). Resistance to aminoglycosides was 6.25% in poultry and 10.00% in slaughterhouse, fluoroquinolones 32.5% in slaughterhouse, sulfonamides 100% in poultry and 82.50% slaughterhouse, tetracycline 100% in poultry and 95.0% in slaughterhouse. This study showed that antimicrobial resistance in poultry in Ouagadougou portends a serious problem.

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The Wide Range of Antibiotic Resistance and Variability of Genotypic Profiles in Escherichia coli from Domestic Animals in Eastern Sicily

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

Global Burden of Fungal Infections and Antifungal Resistance from 1961 to 2024: Findings and Future Implications

Global Burden of Fungal Infections and Antifungal Resistance from 1961 to 2024: Findings and Future Implications

Subclinical Ketosis in Dairy Herds: Impact of Early Diagnosis and Treatment

Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from poultry in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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