The widespread occurrence of Celtic field systems in the central part of the Netherlands

Kooistra, M.J.; Maas, G.J.

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2008.03.007

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Ce fait a été mis en évidence dès les premières utilisations de la méthode en 2000 (Motkin, 2001). En plus des champs bombés de Rastatt, cette méthode a notamment servi à la détection de Celtic fi elds aux Pays-Bas (Humme et al, 2006 ;Kooistra et Maas, 2008), de parcellaires autour du site de Stonehenge (Bewley, 2005) et dans la forêt de Dean, où ont aussi été repérés des rideaux de culture (Devereux et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Apport du lidar à la connaissance de l’histoire de l’occupation du sol en forêt de Haye

Georges-Leroy¹,

Bock²,

Dambrine³

et al. 2011

archeosciences

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Le potentiel archéologique des forêts est fort, notamment en raison de la bonne conservation des vestiges sous forme de micro-reliefs, mais les prospections archéologiques sont gênées par le couvert forestier, ce qui freine l’étude des sites. Une méthode de télédétection assez récente, le scanneur laser aéroporté ou lidar, permet de s’affranchir d’une partie des contraintes physiques et permet le repérage et la cartographie des vestiges. Cette technique a été appliquée au massif forestier de Haye, qui couvre 116 km2, à côté de Nancy, durant l’hiver 2006-2007. Elle a permis des apports considérables par rapport aux méthodes de prospection traditionnelles au sol jusque-là utilisées pour étudier les structures agraires et parcellaires et les habitats antiques qui y sont conservés. Ces apports ont porté sur de nombreux points : nette augmentation du nombre de vestiges découverts, amélioration de la localisation des vestiges initialement cartographiés au topofil et à la boussole ou au GPS, apports morphologiques et chronologiques, etc. Nous avons mis au point une méthode de cartographie et élaboré un référentiel de vestiges archéologiques et de structures morphologiques diverses, adaptés à l’analyse et à l’interprétation des données lidar. Au final, cette technique rend possible un véritable changement d’échelle dans l’étude des sites archéologiques et permet d’esquisser dans ses grandes lignes l’histoire de l’occupation du sol de l’actuel massif forestier de Haye.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Apport du lidar à la connaissance de l’histoire de l’occupation du sol en forêt de Haye

Georges-Leroy¹,

Bock²,

Dambrine³

et al. 2011

archeosciences

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“…Most archaeozoological research focusing on the metal ages of the Netherlands investigates diachronic change, testing old hypotheses. Research suggests, for example, that with the emergence of a crop husbandry system known as Celtic fields in the Late Bronze Age, the interdependence between crop and animal husbandry became more pronounced, with crops providing staple food and animals providing meat and secondary products (van den Broeke 2005;Kooistra & Maas 2008). Indeed, preserved trackways at the present island of Texel (Woltering 2001) indicate that the landscape was also husbanded to facilitate overland connectivity.…”

Section: The Subsistence Economy Of the Metal Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animals and People in the Netherlands’ Past: >50 Years of Archaeozoology in the Netherlands

Çakırlar¹,

Hurk²,

Jagt³

et al. 2019

Open Quaternary

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More than fifty years ago, Anneke T. Clason published the first English-language archaeozoological study on Dutch faunal assemblages. Inspired by the anniversary of this landmark publication, this paper presents a status overview of Dutch archaeozoology organized in twelve themes (e.g. rituals, Mesolithic-Neolithic transition, medieval period). The paper also discusses the common methods applied in Dutch archaeozoology, and includes extensive supplementary material that summarizes data from gray literature in Dutch. Our aim is to provide a guide to archaeozoological questions pertaining to the Netherlands and open a window for researchers working outside the Netherlands to the highly active world of Dutch archaeozoology.

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“…The generally assumed Late Bronze Age-Iron Age date for Dutch Celtic fields (eg, Spek et al 2003, 142; S. Arnoldussen. USE-HISTORIES, LATER PREHISTORIC FIELD SYSTEMS IN THE NETHERLANDS THE PREHISTORIC SOCIETY Harsema 2005, 543;Kooistra & Maas 2008, 2319 is often based solely on typochronological characterisation of the pottery or houses recovered in them (eg, Brongers 1976, 64;Waterbolk 1977;Kooi & De Langen 1987, 55(155), 60(160); Harsema 1991, 29). Where radiocarbon-dated samples are available (Brongers 1976, 52-5, 62-3;Spek et al 2003, 165), their relation to the encasing sediment and original surface is often unclear, because of the dynamic genesis of the sample contexts (anthropogenic: ploughed fields or Schematic plans of several Dutch Celtic fields.…”

Section: The Deep Roots Of Dutch Celtic Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ranging in scale from several to several hundred hectares in size, they support Yates's (2007, 13) argument that field systems may represent prehistory's largestperhaps even monumental (Yates 2007;Cooper 2016, 293) legacy. Whereas aerial photography helped to discover Celtic fields primarily in cultivated fields, scrutiny of LiDAR imagery yielded a complementary set of Celtic fields in heathland and forested areas (eg, Bewley et al 2005;Devereux et al 2005;Humme et al 2006;De Boer et al 2008;Kooistra & Maas 2008;Clemmensen 2010;Hesse 2010;Arnold 2011;Meylemans et al 2015). In such areas, devoid of recent construction and agricultural activities, banks of Dutch Celtic fields have been preserved up to heights of 90 cm (Van der Heijden & Greving 2009, 36).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fields that Outlived the Celts: The Use-histories of Later Prehistoric Field Systems (Celtic Fields orRaatakkers) in the Netherlands

Arnoldussen

2018

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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The Celtic field research programme of Groningen University involves research excavations of Dutch Celtic fields or raatakkers: embanked field plots thought to date to the Iron Age (c. 800 cal bc–12 bc). In this paper, detailed attention is given to (a) the palaeoecology of raatakkers; (b) the relationship between habitation and agriculture in such systems; and (c) their dating and use-life. Counter-intuitively, it is argued that the macro-remains from crops such as barley, wheat, millet, and flax recovered from Celtic field banks represent a non-local (settlement) signal rather than document local agricultural regimes. Palynological approaches, in which a more local signal can be preserved but which also show evidence for details of the agricultural regime such as manuring strategies and fallow cycles, are argued to be more appropriate avenues to study local agricultural strategies. A discussion of the relations between habitation and agriculture shows that house sites uncovered within Dutch Celtic fields are almost invariably placed in positions partly overlapping banks. Moreover, in most cases such settlement traces appear to date to the Middle or Late Iron Age, raising the question of where the initial farmers of the Celtic fields lived, as the communities planning and first using these Celtic fields probably pre-dated the Iron Age. A critical review of existing dates and discussion of new OSL and AMS dates has shown that bank construction of Dutch Celtic fields started around the 13th–10th centuries cal bc and continued into the Roman era. The chronostratigraphies preserved in the banks testify to a sustainable agricultural regime of unprecedented time-depth: centuries of continued use make the system employing raatakkers the most enduring and stable form of farming known in the history of the Netherlands.

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The widespread occurrence of Celtic field systems in the central part of the Netherlands

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Apport du lidar à la connaissance de l’histoire de l’occupation du sol en forêt de Haye

Apport du lidar à la connaissance de l’histoire de l’occupation du sol en forêt de Haye

Animals and People in the Netherlands’ Past: >50 Years of Archaeozoology in the Netherlands

The Fields that Outlived the Celts: The Use-histories of Later Prehistoric Field Systems (Celtic Fields orRaatakkers) in the Netherlands

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