The wing base of the palaeodictyopteran genus Dunbaria Tillyard: Where are we now?

Prokop, Jakub; Pecharová, Martina; Nel, André; Hörnschemeyer, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2018.04.002

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Yet, following our X-ray microtomography observations, we can confirm this is generally not the case: veins emerge from bullae, not from external sclerites. Odonatoptera, Ephemeroptera and Palaeodictyoptera are exceptions, with veins emerging from bullae and also connected to the basal sclerites (Jacquelin et al, 2018;Prokop et al, 2018).…”

Section: Bullae Versus External Scleritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, as the best‐preserved structures of fossil insects, wing veins are critical to better understand the deep‐past evolution of insects – as recently shown for some orders (e.g. Nel et al ., ; Prokop et al ., , ; Jacquelin et al ., ). Yet, despite two centuries of efforts, the homologies of wing veins remain an open question.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, as the best-preserved structures of fossil insects, wing veins are critical to better understand the deep-past evolution of insects -as recently shown for some orders (e.g. Nel et al, 2012;Prokop et al, 2014Prokop et al, , 2018 Correspondence: Andre Nel, Institut Systématique Évolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France. E-mail: anel@mnhn.fr Jacquelin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To be or not to be: postcubital vein in insects revealed by microtomography

Schubnel

Desutter‐Grandcolas

Legendre

et al. 2019

Systematic Entomology

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To better understand insect evolution, fossils – mainly known by their wings – must be used as terminals in phylogenetic analyses. Such analyses are, however, rarely performed because of a lack of consensus on the homology of venation in insects. Researchers do not agree with the current concept on the exact number and identity of the main veins. Here, we confirm the presence, which has been in question since the early 20th century, of an independent main postcubital vein (PCu vein) between the cubital and anal veins (29 fossil and extant examined orders; > 85% of observed insects). The PCu vein corresponds to the so‐called vein 1A or first anal vein. It is easily identified by the unique shape of its bulla. It may have several branches and be partially fused with the cubital and anal veins. Once the PCu vein was identified, we reconsidered as an example the particular case of the Phasmatodea, showing that extant stick insects have a unique venation among insects, with a reduced median vein and a simple cubital vein adjacent or fused to the PCu vein. This study is a new approach towards resolving wing vein homology issues, crucial for future large‐scale phylogenetic analyses in insects combining extant and extinct taxa.

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Section: Bullae Versus External Scleritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To be or not to be: postcubital vein in insects revealed by microtomography

Schubnel

Desutter‐Grandcolas

Legendre

et al. 2019

Systematic Entomology

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“…This arrangement of articulary sclerites is consistent with the so called "protowing model", which is recorded in other Paleozoic groups, like the Gerroptera (Odonatoptera) and Palaeodictyopterida. However, the base of the wing of the palaeodictyopteran Dunbaria quinquefasciata is not consistent with this model [ 37 ]. The wing base is fairly well preserved in all the specimens we studied, but we did not find any convincing evidence that the wing articulation is similar to that proposed by Kukalová-Peck et al [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life history, systematics and flight ability of the Early Permian stem-mayflies in the genus Misthodotes Sellards, 1909 (Insecta, Ephemerida, Permoplectoptera)

et al. 2021

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Background The stem-group of Ephemeroptera is phylogenetically important for understanding key steps in evolutionary history of early pterygote insects. However, these taxa have been mostly studied from the taxonomy point of view focused on the pattern of wing venation and often using only classical optical microscopy devices. In-depth studies on detailed morphology of the different body structures are scarcely performed, although the results are critical for elucidation of life history traits and their evolutionary pattern among the basal pterygotes. Results New information is presented on the morphology of two species of Misthodotes, which are stem-mayflies from the Early Permian. Based on new results obtained from a re-examination of the type specimens and supplementary material, we infer the life history traits of both the adult and larval stages of these Palaeozoic insects and reconsider previous interpretations. For the first time, we report the structure of the thoracic pleura and the articulation at the base of the wing in a stem-group of Ephemeroptera and compare them with those of extant mayflies. We also provide additional support for the systematic placement of investigated taxa and an amended diagnosis of the genus Misthodotes. Conclusions Adult Misthodotes sharovi and Misthodotes zalesskyi had chewing mouthparts, which enabled them to scavenge or feed on plants. The wing apparatus was adapted for slow powered flapping flight and gliding, using long caudal filaments for steering. The wing base does not have rows of articulary sclerites as previously hypothesized for some Palaeozoic taxa but inflexible axilla similar to that found in modern mayflies. The structure of the thoracic pleura is also similar to that in the crown group of Ephemeroptera, while differences in the course of sutures may be explained by an evolutionary trend towards more powerful dorsoventral flying musculature and forewing-based flight (anteromotorism) in modern taxa. There is no evidence for swarming behaviour and mating in the air as occurs in modern mayflies as they had none of the associated morphological adaptations. Putative larvae of Misthodotes can not be unambiguously associated with the adults. They also exhibit some morphological specializations of Protereismatidae like 9 pairs of abdominal tracheal gills supporting their benthic lifestyle with legs adapted to burrowing.

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“…to a Palaeoptera + Neoptera clade. The re-examination of wing base structures in a palaeodictyopteran genus, Dunbaria Tillyard (Spilapteridae), uncovered a mosaic of characters and identifies homologous structures to Odonatoptera, Ephemeropterida and also Neoptera [27]. Moreover, recent study their larval wing pad joints also supported the dual model of insect wing origin [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ecomorphological diversification of the Late Palaeozoic Palaeodictyopterida reveals different larval strategies and amphibious lifestyle in adults

et al. 2019

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The Late Palaeozoic insect superorder Palaeodictyopterida exhibits a remarkable disparity of larval ecomorphotypes, enabling these animals to occupy diverse ecological niches. The widely accepted hypothesis presumed that their immature stages only occupied terrestrial habitats, although authors more than a century ago hypothesized they had specializations for amphibious or even aquatic life histories. Here, we show that different species had a disparity of semiaquatic or aquatic specializations in larvae and even the supposed retention of abdominal tracheal gills by some adults. While a majority of mature larvae in Palaeodictyoptera lack unambiguous lateral tracheal gills, some recently discovered early instars had terminal appendages with prominent lateral lamellae like in living damselflies, allowing support in locomotion along with respiratory function. These results demonstrate that some species of Palaeodictyopterida had aquatic or semiaquatic larvae during at least a brief period of their post-embryonic development. The retention of functional gills or gill sockets by adults indicates their amphibious lifestyle and habitats tightly connected with a water environment as is analogously known for some modern Ephemeroptera or Plecoptera. Our study refutes an entirely terrestrial lifestyle for all representatives of the early diverging pterygote group of Palaeodictyopterida, a greatly varied and diverse lineage which probably encompassed many different biologies and life histories.

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The wing base of the palaeodictyopteran genus Dunbaria Tillyard: Where are we now?

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

To be or not to be: postcubital vein in insects revealed by microtomography

To be or not to be: postcubital vein in insects revealed by microtomography

Life history, systematics and flight ability of the Early Permian stem-mayflies in the genus Misthodotes Sellards, 1909 (Insecta, Ephemerida, Permoplectoptera)

Ecomorphological diversification of the Late Palaeozoic Palaeodictyopterida reveals different larval strategies and amphibious lifestyle in adults

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