2020
DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.00131
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The Wolf From Dmanisi and Augmented Reality: Review, Implications, and Opportunities

Abstract: In the complex scenario of Plio-Pleistocene mammalian faunal turnovers, recent research on canids has revealed an increasingly higher number of species than previously thought. In this framework, Georgia had a key role in the biogeographic dispersion of fauna from/to Asia, Africa, and Europe. Historically attributed to Canis etruscus, the rich Canis material recovered from Dmanisi possesses certain peculiar cranial and dentognathic features, which cannot be regarded only as intraspecific variability. We reveal… Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…The evolution of Canis species variants has since had a long history, with the emergence of a wide array of different sized carnivores, from the smaller jackals ( Canis aureus ) to the Dire wolf ( Aenocyon dirus ) of North America. The species Canis lupus is considered to have emerged during the Middle Pleistocene, strongly linked with the evolution of species such as C. mosbachensis, C. etruscus [ 5 , 6 ], and the recently discovered Canis borjgali [ 7 ]. Thereafter, the Canis genus has had a notable presence in numerous sites throughout the Pleistocene epoch, closely coinciding with the movement of hominin populations across the globe, and in many cases coexisting with other competitors of the Canidae family, such as Lycaon lycaonoides, Cuon alpinus and Canis orcensis [ 5 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The evolution of Canis species variants has since had a long history, with the emergence of a wide array of different sized carnivores, from the smaller jackals ( Canis aureus ) to the Dire wolf ( Aenocyon dirus ) of North America. The species Canis lupus is considered to have emerged during the Middle Pleistocene, strongly linked with the evolution of species such as C. mosbachensis, C. etruscus [ 5 , 6 ], and the recently discovered Canis borjgali [ 7 ]. Thereafter, the Canis genus has had a notable presence in numerous sites throughout the Pleistocene epoch, closely coinciding with the movement of hominin populations across the globe, and in many cases coexisting with other competitors of the Canidae family, such as Lycaon lycaonoides, Cuon alpinus and Canis orcensis [ 5 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1.8 Ma. Here, we report the record of the Eurasian hunting dog, C. (Xenocyon) lycaonoides, which testi es to the beginning of the dispersal of this more derived, frankly hypercarnivorous canids from its eastern Asia region of origin, similarly to Canis borjgali Bartolini Lucenti et al, 2020 (the mesocarnivorous, wolf-like species also recorded in Dmanisi 33 ). During the Calabrian C. (Xenocyon) lycaonoides became a common element of the entire Old-World faunas during the late Early-early Middle Pleistocene 18 , when it even reached North America 10 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 60%
“…of Canis historically attributed to C. etruscus (Vekua 1995). A recent revision questions this attribution due to the absence of several diagnostic features of C. etruscus (Bartolini Lucenti et al 2020). Compared to C. orcensis n.…”
Section: Lower Dentitionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1) consists of six units in a 20-m-thick section of calcareous sediments (for further details of these units, see Anadón et al 1987;Turq et al 1996). (Martínez-Navarro 1991, 1992Martínez-Navarro & Palmvist 1995;Palmqvist & Arribas 2001;Palmqvist et al 1996Palmqvist et al , 2003Palmqvist et al , 2005Palmqvist et al , 2011Martinez-Navarro et al 2003Abbazzi 2010;Agusti et al 2010;Ros-Montoya 2010;Ros-Montoya et al 2012;Duval et al 2011;Madurell-Malapeira et al 2014;Medin et al 2017;Bartolini Lucenti & Madurell-Malapeira 2020). In addition, some avian specimens currently in study point to the presence of a crow (Corvus sp.…”
Section: Geological and Paleontological Background Geological Settingmentioning
confidence: 99%
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