The World Bank Improving Environmental and Natural Resource Policies: Power, Deregulation, and Privatization in (Post-Soviet) Armenia

Burns, Sarah Lilian; Krott, Max; Sayadyan, Hovik; Gießen, Lukas

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.12.030

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…There are many examples of this type of postcolonial domination in domestic politics in western and other tropical countries. For example, the World Bank played a similar role in the natural resources exploitation policies of post-Soviet Armenia [74], and strongly influenced public development aid agencies in forest and biodiversity governance in Bangladesh [75]. While together, the WB and IMF exercised pressure on the formulation of forestland use policies in Indonesia [76].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tragedy of Forestland Sustainability in Postcolonial Africa: Land Development, Cocoa, and Politics in Côte d’Ivoire

et al. 2018

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Tropical countries are often blamed for not managing their natural resources sustainably. But what if overexploitation is inherent in political structures and policies—rooted in foreign colonial order—and is consistently detrimental in the contemporary use of forestlands? This article argues that post-colonial land development policies and related political interests seriously impede the sustainability of forest ecosystems in Côte d’Ivoire. Methodologically, the study builds on a historic contextualisation of forestland use policies in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Côte d’Ivoire serving as a case study. The results indicate that the increasing development of so-called rent crops clearly follows the historical dynamics of ‘land grabbing’ and a post-colonial agrarian model. This situation benefits agribusiness entrepreneurs and, more recently, sustainability standards. The study discusses the findings based on recent literature and empirical evidence. In conclusion, the post-colonial heritage and the manipulation of the related patterns by elites and policy-makers largely explains the present-day unsustainable forestland conversions in Côte d’Ivoire.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tragedy of Forestland Sustainability in Postcolonial Africa: Land Development, Cocoa, and Politics in Côte d’Ivoire

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussion and Conclusion: Optimizing State Forest Institutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Diminishing the dependency of state forest institutions on foreign donors The balance between national state organizations and international organizations has already been described [45]. International organizations are becoming more empowered and contribute even to deregulation in the presence of weak and dependent states [45]. These organizations form coalitions with domestic bureaucracies and use funding and capacity building through direct access to impact the reform process of administration structure and policy, which affects natural resources and forests more precisely [45].…”

Section: Discussion and Conclusion: Optimizing State Forest Institutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…International organizations are becoming more empowered and contribute even to deregulation in the presence of weak and dependent states [45]. These organizations form coalitions with domestic bureaucracies and use funding and capacity building through direct access to impact the reform process of administration structure and policy, which affects natural resources and forests more precisely [45]. Formally, international organizations may have the role of empowering sustainable ecological goals, but informally they weaken the role of state actors and support the extraction of forest production, which consists of an augmentation of wood harvesting and export.…”

Section: Discussion and Conclusion: Optimizing State Forest Institutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formally, international organizations may have the role of empowering sustainable ecological goals, but informally they weaken the role of state actors and support the extraction of forest production, which consists of an augmentation of wood harvesting and export. Using the pathway of discourse, the World Bank contributed to a restriction of the forest people's access to resources by considering this access to be illegal logging, since this is the main cause of deforestation in Armenia [45]. In addition, these organizations have informal political and economic interests since they bring foreign consultants, transfer technologies and extend their markets.…”

Section: Discussion and Conclusion: Optimizing State Forest Institutmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing State Forest Institutions for Forest People: A Case Study on Social Sustainability from Tunisia

Hasnaoui

Krott

2019

Sustainability

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In Tunisia the livelihoods of nearly 750,000 “forest people” strongly depend on state forests. State forest institutions that manage more than 90% of forests have a special responsibility for the social sustainability of these people’s situation. Thus, it is important to evaluate the performance of these institutions, as such evaluations represent an option to help formulate sustainable development strategies for forest people. This study evaluates the performance of state forest institutions in regard to forest people based on a comprehensive three-layer model. The data were collected in 2016 and 2017 from documents, observations and interviews. The results partly supported the first hypothesis that “state forest institutions employ different market, non-market and political instruments to influence the use and the protection of forests”, with an exception for market instruments. The second hypothesis stating that “the outcomes of these instruments for forest people differ from those for the general forest sector” was supported by empirical evidence. The evaluation revealed practices in Tunisia that provide a basis for organizational reforms supporting forest people. Adapted technologies that fit the traditional know-how of forest people and a better representation are required. Furthermore, the strengthening of state forest institutions against the influence of foreign donors would contribute to elaborating a development strategy for forest people.

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Overall Summary, Hypotheses Tests and Policy Implications

Muhamad

2023

Perspectives on Development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

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The World Bank Improving Environmental and Natural Resource Policies: Power, Deregulation, and Privatization in (Post-Soviet) Armenia

Cited by 35 publications

References 34 publications

The Tragedy of Forestland Sustainability in Postcolonial Africa: Land Development, Cocoa, and Politics in Côte d’Ivoire

The Tragedy of Forestland Sustainability in Postcolonial Africa: Land Development, Cocoa, and Politics in Côte d’Ivoire

Optimizing State Forest Institutions for Forest People: A Case Study on Social Sustainability from Tunisia

Overall Summary, Hypotheses Tests and Policy Implications

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