The world radiocommunication conferences process: Help or hindrance to new satellite development?

Contant, Corinne M.; Warren, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/s0094-5765(03)00148-6

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Second, WRCs’ outcomes are often the result of political compromises among member states (Contant and Warren, 2003), which may also involve agreements on issues outside the radio spectrum domain (Manner, 2003). Such compromises are reached not only during the conference but also during the preparatory process.…”

Section: The European Union As An International Actor: Theoretical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to El-Moghazi et al (2014), this was because of the fact that African and Arab economies were not highly industrialised, while Europe, USA and Japan, among others, had stronger private interests at stake to be safeguarded at international level. Also, many developing countries lacked sufficient human, technical and financial resources to participate efﬁciently in WRCs, despite being the majority at the ITU members (Contant and Warren, 2003). The WRC process involves several study groups and working parties, each with the responsibility to investigate specific issues to be discussed at WRCs.…”

Section: International Radio Spectrum Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radio spectrum regulation as a matter of international affairs: discussing the effectiveness of the European Union at World Radiocommunication Conferences

Massaro

2018

DPRG

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Purpose This paper aims to discuss the effectiveness of the European Union (EU) at World Radiocommunication Conferences (WRCs) by comparing EU objectives prior to and outcomes of recent WRCs. Design/methodology/approach A thematic analysis of qualitative data extracted from documents is conducted. The effectiveness of the EU is discussed by using the concepts of agenda-setting and coalition-building, borrowed from international relations literature. Findings A clear conclusion on EU effectiveness could not be drawn based on the degree of match between EU objectives and WRC outcomes. Other factors need to be included in the analysis, such as relevance of the EU’s participation at WRCs to the EU member states and availability and allocation of EU resources to the various stages of the WRC process. Research limitations/implications Further research is encouraged to investigate the role of the EU at WRCs. In particular, interviews with experts involved in the WRC process may help gather relevant information on EU relevance and EU resource availability and allocation. Originality/value This paper contributes to existing research on international radio spectrum regulation by drawing attention to the role of the EU as an international actor.

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Section: The European Union As An International Actor: Theoretical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: International Radio Spectrum Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio spectrum regulation as a matter of international affairs: discussing the effectiveness of the European Union at World Radiocommunication Conferences

Massaro

2018

DPRG

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“…Regional organizations usually present common proposals to the WRC on behalf of their member states as proposals must have the support of more than one administration to be considered (Contant & Warren, 2003). There are six main regional organisations in the ITU-R, namely, European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT), the Asia Pacific Telecommunity (APT), the inter-American commission of telecommunications (CITEL), the Arab Spectrum Management Group (ASMG), the African Telecommunications Union (ATU), and The Regional Commonwealth in the field of Communications (RCC).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The APT Frequency Arrangement in the 700 MHz: Reflections on the International Spectrum Management Regime

El-Moghazi

Whalley

Irvine

2016

AJTDE

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Following WRC-12, discussions have emerged with regard to the frequency arrangements in the 700 MHz band, out of band emissions (OOBE) of the mobile terminals below 694 MHz considering the allocation of the 694-790 MHz band to the mobile service. These discussions have shown that there is a tendency to partially harmonise with the APT plan and to adopt APT OOBE values. This reflects the emerging approach of countries in Regions 1 and 2 that are aligning themselves with Region 3 to lower the cost of end user equipment. Countries such as Australia and New Zealand are leading the discussion in Region 3. The 700 MHz issue has revealed that the ITU-R decision making procedures are mostly based upon consensus with the possibility of few countries blocking the discussion. Moreover, it suggests that there is a need to revise the current ITU-R structure of three regions.

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“…WRC is one of the ITU-R conferences[1] that considers specific radiocommunication matters. Regional organisations usually present common proposal to WRCs on behalf of their member states, as proposals must have the support of more than one administration to be considered (Contant and Warren, 2003). There are six regional organisations in the ITU-R, namely, CEPT, ASMG, APT, ATU, CITEL and RCC.…”

Section: Wrcs' Preparation In Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European influence in ITU-R: the end of an era of dominance?

El-Moghazi

Whalley

Irvine

2014

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractSince its establishment in 1865, the ITU has been considered by many as a European organisation as it was controlled by small number of European countries. Due to the conflict of interests between the European countries and other countries, the world was divided into three regions in terms of radiocommunication service allocation where the European, African and the Arab countries lie in Region 1 of the Radio Sector of the ITU (ITU-R).However, recent years have witnessed a change in the power balance within Region 1 where the Arab and African countries called in the World Radiocommunication Conference of 2012 (WRC-12) for an immediate allocation of the spectrum in the 694-790 MHz band to mobile service noting that the issue was not on the agenda of the conference. WRC-12 eventually agreed to the allocation to be effective immediately after WRC-15 after resistance mainly from the European countries.The analysis of the issue shows that such resistance is related to the difficulty of releasing the 800 MHz band for mobile service in Europe and severe competition in the European mobile market. On the other hand, the diversity in the European views over the issue during the conference is related to the internationalisation of European telecommunication operators and manufactures, the different needs with regard to terrestrial broadcasting service, and the cooperation with the African countries.Moreover, the conflict with regard to the channel arrangements in the 700 MHz band after WRC-12 suggests that decisions related to spectrum allocation cannot be taken exclusively by national regulators or the industry. Furthermore, the examination of the Arab and African proposal shows that UAE was the first initiator of the 700 MHz issue. In addition, the ITU-R system is found to be in favour in the European countries when it comes to technical studies prior to WRCs while it is in favour of the Arab and African countries during WRCs negotiations.One of the main implications of the 700 MHz issue is showing how the regional harmonisation between the ITU-R regional organisations becomes more important than the traditional harmonisation within the ITU-R three regions. Last but not least, it is argued that the influence of the European countries in Region 1 is not in decline. However, it is their credibility that is in question. The authors are solely responsible for the opinions expressed in this article.2

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The world radiocommunication conferences process: Help or hindrance to new satellite development?

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Radio spectrum regulation as a matter of international affairs: discussing the effectiveness of the European Union at World Radiocommunication Conferences

Radio spectrum regulation as a matter of international affairs: discussing the effectiveness of the European Union at World Radiocommunication Conferences

The APT Frequency Arrangement in the 700 MHz: Reflections on the International Spectrum Management Regime

European influence in ITU-R: the end of an era of dominance?

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