The wreck of the 1848 propeller Indiana: interim report

Exploration of a Steamship Wreck off Amee Shoals, Goa, India: a preliminary report

“…Steamship wrecks have been explored and excavated in many parts of the world, for example, the Indiana in Lake Superior (Johnstone and Robinson, 1993); and the Tasman (1873-1883) off Tasmania (Nash, 2002). Further, McCarthy (1988) has provided insight into the exploration and excavation of iron and steam engine shipwrecks in other parts of the world including Australia.…”

Exploration of steam engine wrecks off Minicoy Island, Laksadsweep, India

“…Marine archaeological exploration of steam-engine wrecks are rare (Johnstone & Robinson, 1993), so the steam-engine wrecks of Lakshadweep are important in terms of their technological aspects. The causes of wrecking appears to be different.…”

The Goniometer: an improved device for recording submerged shipwreck timbers

“…In June of 1993 during the third season of fieldwork to record the hull of the Great Lakes steamer Indiana (Johnston & Robinson, 1993) the digital goniometer was used to check hull sections that had been taken two years previously by means of a vertical staff. In 1991 it had taken three days for two divers, diving twice a day, to record hull sections from the stern to amidships on the 44.65 m-long vessel.…”

“…Specialized devices are often utilized in order to record the offsets. These devices are in most cases some type of form-a-gauge (Leonard & Scheifele, 1972;Frost, 1974;Piercy, 1977;McCarthy, 1979;Green & Intakosai, 1983;Vanden Hazel, 1987;Atkinson et al, 1989). They usually consist of a horizontal bar or pipe through which vertical rods pass.…”