The x-ray debye temperatures of tellurium and cadmium

Walford, L. K.; Carron, G.; Schoeffel, James A.

doi:10.1016/0025-5408(68)90015-9

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The Debye temperatures derived from the zero strain values of Debye-Waller factor of w is 386K. This value agree well with the values of 377K [6], obtained for w from the powder X-ray diffraction. Glyde [22] derived the following relation between the energy of vacancy formation (E f ) and the Debye temperature (θ) of a solid.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Tungsten (W) Nano Particles

Purushotham¹,

Krishna²

2014

JESTR

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___________________________________________________________________________________________ AbstractCrystallite size and lattice strains in tungsten (W) powders produced by milling have been analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction. The lattice strain (ε) and Debye-Waller factor (B) are determined from the half-widths and integrated intensities of the Bragg reflections. In W the Debye-Waller factor is found to increase with the lattice strain. From the correlation between the strain and effective Debye-Waller factor, the Debye-Waller factors for zero strain have been estimated for W. In the present work, Hall-Williamson method for particle size/crystallite size estimation of high energy milled W nano powder. The variation of energy of vacancy formation as a function of lattice strain has been studied.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The Debye-Waller factor is an important lattice dynamical property. There is considerable X-ray work on the Debye-Waller factors of W [5][6][7]. But it is interesting to study the effect of lattice strains on the Debye-Waller factors of this metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Tungsten (W) Nano Particles

Purushotham¹,

Krishna²

2014

JESTR

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“…A detailed inspection of the 0(T)-curve of both compounds in the temperature range between 10 K and 50 K did not reveal a deviation from the known, normal 0(T) behaviour. This is in contrast to the findings in elemental tellurium (0 O = 141 K), where the C V data show a constant molar heat capacity slope in the range 15 K to 30 K, reflecting the typical onedimensional character of the Te-chain [37,38], The measurements of the subhalides suggest a less anisotropic behaviour. It should be noted that a detailed comparison between subhalides and tellurium is quite difficult from the point of view of a lattice dynamical approach, because of the differences in the crystalline structures.…”

Section: Temperature T (K)contrasting

confidence: 52%

Electrochemical and Specific Heat Measurements on Tellurium-Halogen Systems

Haag

Alpen

Gmelin

et al. 1979

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung A

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Gibbs free energies of reaction in the systems Te-TeX4 (X = Cl, Br, I) were determined from e.m.f. measurements of solid state galvanic cells using silver halides as auxiliary electrolytes. From the temperature dependence of the e.m.f. the standard entropies and enthalpies of formation SO (298.15 K) and AHi° (298.15 K) have been calculated for oc-Tel, Tel 4 , Te 2 Br, TeBr 4 , Te 3 Cl 2 and TeCl 4 . The specific heats of oc-Tel and Te2Br were determined from 1.5 K to 300 K by adiabatic and differential scanning calorimetry.

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“…The beam line was configured with 2-mm vertical slits in transmission or fluorescence geometry using an ion chamber, a Lytle detector, or a 13-or 100-element Ge array detector. The samples were maintained at ,77 K using a liquid nitrogen cryostat (Debye temperature of Te metal is 139 K; Walford et al 1968) and XANES data were acquired between 31580 eV and at least 32474 eV (k ¼ 13) using 0.05-eV steps in the XANES region. Energy calibration was performed by assigning the maximum of the first derivative of TeO 2 to 31814 eV.…”

Section: Sulfur and Tellurium Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surficial geochemistry and bioaccessibility of tellurium in semiarid mine tailings

Hayes

Ramos

2019

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental contextTellurium can be more toxic than arsenic, but its fate in the surficial environment is poorly understood. We studied tellurium behaviour in semiarid mine tailings and found that most tellurium is associated with iron (oxy)hydroxides as tellurate (TeVI), the less toxic oxidation state. Iron (oxy)hydroxides are likely to control the fate of Te in the surficial environment and may effectively sequester Te oxyanions released by oxidative weathering. AbstractTellurium (Te) is a critical element owing to its use in solar technology. However, some forms are highly toxic. Few studies have examined Te behaviour in the surficial environment, thus little is known about its potential human and environmental health impacts. This study characterises two physicochemically distinct Te-enriched mine tailings piles (big and flat tailings) deposited by historic gold (Au) mining in the semiarid Delamar mining district, Nevada, USA. The big tailings are characterised by smaller particle size and higher concentrations of potentially toxic elements (up to 290mgTekg−1), which are enriched at the tailings surface. In contrast, the flat tailings have larger particle size and properties that are relatively invariant with depth. Based on the sulfate to sulfide ratio, the tailings were determined to be sulfate dominated, which suggested a high degree of weathering, although the flat tailings did contain significant amounts of sulfides (~40%). Tellurium X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the big tailings indicates that tellurate, the less toxic Te species, is the principal form of Te. Electron microscopy indicates that most of the Te present at the site is associated with iron (oxy)hydroxides, and sometimes with other potentially toxic elements, especially lead and antimony. Physiologically-based extraction tests indicate that substantially more Te is solubilised in synthetic stomach fluids than in lung fluids, with gastric bioaccessibility ranging from 13 to 31% of total Te. This points to low to medium bioaccessibility, which is common for iron (oxy)hydroxide-associated elements. Together, these results represent a preliminary assessment of Te surficial behaviour in a semiarid environment and indicate that Te in these tailings represent a moderate health concern.

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The x-ray debye temperatures of tellurium and cadmium

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Tungsten (W) Nano Particles

Synthesis and Characterization of Tungsten (W) Nano Particles

Electrochemical and Specific Heat Measurements on Tellurium-Halogen Systems

Surficial geochemistry and bioaccessibility of tellurium in semiarid mine tailings

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