The yeast Dbf4 Zn2+ finger domain suppresses single-stranded DNA at replication forks initiated from a subset of origins

Abstract

Dbf4 is the cyclin-like subunit for the Dbf4-dependent protein kinase (DDK), required for activating the replicative helicase at DNA replication origin that fire during S phase. Dbf4 also functions as an adaptor, targeting the DDK to different groups of origins and substrates. Here we report a genome-wide analysis of origin firing in a budding yeast mutant, dbf4-zn, lacking the Zn2+ finger domain within the C-terminus of Dbf4. At one group of origins, which we call dromedaries, we observe an unanticipated DNA replication phenotype: accumulation of single-stranded DNA spanning ± 5kbp from the center of the origins. A similar accumulation of single-stranded DNA at origins occurs more globally in pri1-m4 mutants defective for the catalytic subunit of DNA primase and rad53 mutants defective for the S phase checkpoint following DNA replication stress. We propose the Dbf4 Zn2+ finger suppresses single-stranded gaps at replication forks emanating from dromedary origins. Certain origins may impose an elevated requirement for the DDK to fully initiate DNA synthesis following origin activation. Alternatively, dbf4-zn may be defective for stabilizing/restarting replication forks emanating from dromedary origins during replication stress.