The yeast G-protein homolog is involved in the mating pheromone signal transduction system.

Fujimura, Hiro-aki

doi:10.1128/mcb.9.1.152

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…All three genes were identified in the analyzed genomes. In yeast, the binding of pheromone to its receptor releases G ␤␥ from its inhibitor, G ␣ , which in turn activates the initial steps of the mating process, i.e., polarization and shmooing, at the G 1 arrest stage (26)(27)(28). In S. cerevisiae and C. albicans, G ␤␥ recruits the scaffold protein Ste5 to the plasma membrane, bringing together the protein kinases Ste20, Ste11, Ste7, and Fus3 and activating the MAPK pathway (29)(30)(31).…”

Section: Identification Of Sex-related Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Morphological Data Support the Existence of a Sexual Cycle in Species of the Genus Paracoccidioides

et al. 2013

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The genus Paracoccidioides includes the thermodimorphic species Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii, both of which are etiologic agents of paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic mycosis that affects humans in Latin America. Despite the common occurrence of a sexual stage among closely related fungi, this has not been observed with Paracoccidioides species, which have thus been considered asexual. Molecular evolutionary studies revealed recombination events within isolated populations of the genus Paracoccidioides, suggesting the possible existence of a sexual cycle. Comparative genomic analysis of all dimorphic fungi and Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated the presence of conserved genes involved in sexual reproduction, including those encoding mating regulators such as MAT, pheromone receptors, pheromone-processing enzymes, and mating signaling regulators. The expression of sex-related genes in the yeast and mycelial phases of both Paracoccidioides species was also detected by realtime PCR, with nearly all of these genes being expressed preferentially in the filamentous form of the pathogens. In addition, the expression of sex-related genes was responsive to the putative presence of pheromone in the supernatants obtained from previous cocultures of strains of two different mating types. In vitro crossing of isolates of different mating types, discriminated by phylogenetic analysis of the ␣-box (MAT1-1) and the high-mobility-group (HMG) domain (MAT1-2), led to the identification of the formation of young ascocarps with constricted coiled hyphae related to the initial stage of mating. These genomic and morphological analyses strongly support the existence of a sexual cycle in species of the genus Paracoccidioides.

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Section: Identification Of Sex-related Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Morphological Data Support the Existence of a Sexual Cycle in Species of the Genus Paracoccidioides

et al. 2013

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“…Strain XF91‐5D was cultured in YEPD and then mutagenized with 3% ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) for 1 h at 30°C as described previously[14]. The cells were spread on YEPD plates and replica‐plated on SD supplemented with appropriate nutrients with or without tyrphostin (50 μg/ml).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Block of the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by tyrphostin, an inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase

Fujimura

2006

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Tyrphostins are inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. To elucidate the biological function of protein tyrosine kinases in yeast cells, a mutant hypersensitive to tyrphostin was isolated and investigated for its response to the drug. The mutation was recessive and was designated tpt1 for tyrphostin hypersensitive. A tpt1 strain cannot grow in the presence of tyrphostin, implying that a biological process sensitive to tyrphostin is essential for cell growth. Microscopic observation indicated that large-budded cells were accumulated in the presence of the inhibitor. The results suggest the involvement of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in the cell cycle progression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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“…Each replacement spanned the promoter, coding region, and part of the downstream region of the tested gene ( Figure S1). The only replacement that had an effect was GPA1, a subunit of the G-protein-coupled receptor involved in the mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pheromone response (Fujimura 1989). Converting Segregant 1's GPA1 allele to the YJM version rendered the strain nearly incapable of invading on glucose and had no effect on ethanol ( Figure 2B).…”

Section: Flo8-independent Invasion In Glucose-only Individuals Dependmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Rewiring in a Cross Causes Extensive Genetic Heterogeneity

et al. 2015

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Genetic heterogeneity occurs when individuals express similar phenotypes as a result of different underlying mechanisms. Although such heterogeneity is known to be a potential source of unexplained heritability in genetic mapping studies, its prevalence and molecular basis are not fully understood. Here we show that substantial genetic heterogeneity underlies a model phenotype-the ability to grow invasively-in a cross of two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The heterogeneous basis of this trait across genotypes and environments makes it difficult to detect causal loci with standard genetic mapping techniques. However, using selective genotyping in the original cross, as well as in targeted backcrosses, we detected four loci that contribute to differences in the ability to grow invasively. Identification of causal genes at these loci suggests that they act by changing the underlying regulatory architecture of invasion. We verified this point by deleting many of the known transcriptional activators of invasion, as well as the gene encoding the cell surface protein Flo11 from five relevant segregants and showing that these individuals differ in the genes they require for invasion. Our work illustrates the extensive genetic heterogeneity that can underlie a trait and suggests that regulatory rewiring is a basic mechanism that gives rise to this heterogeneity.KEYWORDS complex traits; genetic mapping; invasive growth; regulatory networks; yeast G ENETIC studies in humans and model organisms have reported unexplained heritability for many traits (Manolio et al. 2009). A possible contributor to this "missing" heritability is genetic heterogeneity-individuals exhibiting similar phenotypes owing to different genetic and molecular mechanisms (Risch 2000;McClellan and King 2010;Wray and Maier 2014). Genetic heterogeneity can reduce the statistical power of mapping studies (Manchia et al. 2013;Wray and Maier 2014) and may involve multiple variants segregating in the same gene (allelic heterogeneity) or different genes (nonallelic heterogeneity) (Risch 2000). Work to date has shown that allelic heterogeneity is widespread (e.g., McClellan and King 2010;Ehrenreich et al. 2012;Long et al. 2014) and often involves two or more null or partial loss-of-function variants segregating in a single phenotypically important gene (e.g., Nogee et al. 2000;Sutcliffe et al. 2005;Will et al. 2010). However, the prominence and underlying mechanisms of nonallelic heterogeneity are less understood.In this paper we describe an example of nonallelic heterogeneity using heritable variation in the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains to undergo haploid invasive growth as our model. Invasive growth is a phenotype that is triggered by low carbon or nitrogen availability and is thought to be an adaptive response that allows yeast cells to adhere to and penetrate surfaces (Cullen and Sprague 2000). Invasion typically requires expression of FLO11, which encodes a cell surface glycoprotein that facilitates cell-cell and cell-surface adhes...

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The yeast G-protein homolog is involved in the mating pheromone signal transduction system.

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Molecular and Morphological Data Support the Existence of a Sexual Cycle in Species of the Genus Paracoccidioides

Molecular and Morphological Data Support the Existence of a Sexual Cycle in Species of the Genus Paracoccidioides

Block of the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by tyrphostin, an inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase

Regulatory Rewiring in a Cross Causes Extensive Genetic Heterogeneity

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