The zonal movement of the Indian–East Asian summer monsoon interface in relation to the land–sea thermal contrast anomaly over East Asia

Rainy season precipitation variation in the Mekong River basin and its relationship to the Indian and East Asian summer monsoons

“…The model used in this study depends on primitive equations linearized about the rainy season climatology calculated from the ERA-Interim for 1979-2016. Similar to Tao et al (2016) and Cao et al (2017), the diabatic heating patterns associated with the anomalous configuration of ISM and EASM will show its importance in driving the large-scale circulation influencing the rainy season precipitation in the MRB. In the DLBM, the time scales of the Rayleigh's friction and Newtonian damping are 0.5 day −1 for ≥ 0.9 , 1 day −1 for ≤ 0.03 , and 30 day −1 for between 0.9 and 0.03.…”

“…The EASMI is defined as the difference between the westerly anomalies averaged over (5°-15°N, 100°-130°E) and the westerly anomalies averaged over (20°-30°N, 110°-140°E). The apparent heat source (Q 1 ) and apparent moisture sink (Q 2 ) are calculated using the daily ERA-Interim reanalysis data and the same method used in Tao et al (2016, and the corresponding references cited therein).…”

“…Because Lu and Lin (2009), Tao et al (2016) and Cao et al (2017) suggested that the dry version LBM (DLBM) is more suitable than the moist version in analyzing the responses of regional diabatic heating, the DLBM with a horizontal resolution of T42 and 20 sigma levels in the vertical direction was adopted in this study to test the reliability of the key physical process linking the apparent heat source and apparent moisture sink variability with the MRB precipitation anomaly during the rainy season (Watanabe and Kimoto 2000, Appendix B). The model used in this study depends on primitive equations linearized about the rainy season climatology calculated from the ERA-Interim for 1979-2016.…”

“…A monsoon climate is a dry and wet alternation with the wet season lasting from mid-May to October (Matsumoto 1997). During the rainy season, the region around the MRB, which is influenced by the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) (Cao et al 2012(Cao et al , 2016Guo et al 2016;Holmes et al 2009;Tao et al 2016), receives over 80% of its annual precipitation (Costa-Cabral et al 2007;Kingston et al 2011). In contrast, while there have been studies on the ISM and EASM variabilities (e.g., Wheeler 2004, 2017 and references cited therein; Wang 2006, and references cited therein), there have been relatively few studies on the key physical processes associated with the variability in the rainy season precipitation over the MRB.…”

Bay of Bengal‐East Asia‐Pacific Teleconnection in Boreal Summer

“…The associated latent heat release around the BOB is vital for the development and maintenance of the BEAP teleconnection. Because there are high mountains, such as the low‐latitude highlands of China (Cao et al, , , , ; Tao et al, ; Yang et al, ), along the propagation path of the BEAP teleconnection, the mechanical effects and thermal conditions of topography will modulate the BEAP teleconnection, which is the main difference between the BEAP and EAP or PJ teleconnection.…”