The zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD) on panoramic radiographs

Tyndall, Donald A.; Matteson, Stephen R.

doi:10.1016/0030-4220(87)90020-x

Cited by 32 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The squamous, petromastoid and tympanic parts are the most frequently pneumatized parts [5,1,32], but pneumatization may be extend to the articular eminence [32,7] of the zygomatic process. The environmental theory of Wittmaack suggests that middle ear mucosa is a pre-requisite for normal pneumatization while Diamant suggests that pneumatization is genetically dependent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography

Fellows

Hand

Tadinada

et al. 2014

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography

Fellows

Hand

Tadinada

et al. 2014

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

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“…Pneumatization of the zygomatic process of the maxilla does not begin until 9 years of age, although the age at which air cells within the articular eminence begin to develop is unknown [4,7,14,18,27]. The accessory air cells are believed to begin to pneumatize after puberty and achieve full size several years later as mastoid air cells [7,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumatized articular eminence in a cohort of orthodontic patients with different sagittal skeletal anomalies: a retrospective cone beam computed tomography study

et al. 2010

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Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of pneumatized articular eminence (PAE) in dental patients using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with respect to age, sex, and type of skeletal anomaly. The results were then compared to prevalence studies regarding PAE in the literature. Study design A retrospective study of 603 orthodontic patients aged between 6 and 24 years was performed using sagittal and coronal CBCT images at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (Erzurum, Turkey). The age, gender, skeletal anomaly, and lateral were recorded for all patients, and the types were noted for cases of PAE. The chi-squared test was used for statistical analyses. Results Sixty-four PAEs were found in 39 orthodontic patients, representing a prevalence of 6.47%. No significant differences in sex (p = 0.153), age (before and after puberty, p = 0.389), and type of skeletal anomaly were observed (p = 0.271). Conclusions A higher frequency of PAE was detected among dental patients aged 6-24 years when compared to previous studies, most likely because of the use of CBCT images. No significant relation was observed between PAE and the type of skeletal anomalies. One, however, must be aware of these structures to avoid complications in cases for which surgical treatment is planned due to the occlusion and recognize its role in the onset or perpetuation of temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

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“…[2] The various entities such as aneurysmal bone cyst, central hemangioma, central giant cell tumor, eosinophilic granuloma, fibrous dysplasia, and metastatic tumors are considered as differential diagnosis due to the involvement of zygomatic processes of the temporal bone. [1,2,7] Conclusion ZACD is considered to be an incidental finding with an unknown etiology. Computed tomography scan is considered to be the better option for precise visualization, and for the further confirmation of the diagnosis making professional as radiologists, diagnosticians, and surgeons are aware of this entity so that they can avoid complications in further practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tyndall and Matteson, in 1985, coined the word PAE and PAT and in 1987 coined the word ZACD. [1,7] The growth of pneumatization is divided into three phases and are as following: An infantile, transitional, and adult phases with the age duration of birth to 2 years, 2-5 years, and 5 years, respectively, and once the adult stage is reached, the process of pneumatization terminates. [5] The process of pneumatization of temporal bones is accomplished by the age of ten years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A population-based retrospective study of zygomatic air cell defect in Bengaluru

Nagaraj¹,

Nigam²,

Balraj³

et al. 2016

JMRPS

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Aim:The aim of the study is to determine the occurrence, radiographic appearance, disparities, features and establishing predominant site, and form of zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD) among the population in Bengaluru. Materials and Methods:The orthopantomographs of 600 dental hospital outpatients were examined to estimate the occurrence and characteristic features of the ZACD. Results: ZACD was evaluated to be present in 16 patients with male predominance. Unilateral (69%) and unilocular appearances (56%) of ZACD were the dominant patterns. Conclusion: It is essential to identify the ZACD before surgical procedures to avoid inadvertent post-surgical complications. Among Indian population, the incidence of ZACD is in accordance with the other supplementary studies performed in other populations worldwide.

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The zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD) on panoramic radiographs

Cited by 32 publications

References 4 publications

Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography

Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography

Pneumatized articular eminence in a cohort of orthodontic patients with different sagittal skeletal anomalies: a retrospective cone beam computed tomography study

A population-based retrospective study of zygomatic air cell defect in Bengaluru

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