The α-oxoamine synthase gene fum8 is involved in fumonisin B2 biosynthesis in Aspergillus niger

Shimizu, Kiminori; Nakagawa, Hiroyuki; Hashimoto, Ruiko; Hagiwara, Daisuke; Onji, Yoshiki; Asano, Katsuyoshi; Kawamoto, Susumu; Takahashi, Hitomi; Yokoyama, Koji

doi:10.1016/j.myc.2014.09.001

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Using this primer set, all of the A. luchuensis strains had the same 1.1-kb signal, thereby indicating that A. luchuensis has the same genome structure, and it lacks the ability to produce fumonisin (data not shown). Recently, Shimizu et al reported that disruption of the fum8 gene, which encodes α-oxoamine synthase, resulted in the loss of fumonisin B2 from A. niger , but A. luchuensis appears to lack this gene 69 . Susca et al suggested that fumonisin production was once more widespread among black aspergilli and that nonrandom partial deletion of this cluster has occurred multiple times based on partial fumonisin gene cluster homologues identified in several black Aspergillus species genomes 70 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequence ofAspergillus luchuensisNBRC 4314

Yamada

Machida

Hosoyama

et al. 2016

DNA Res

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Awamori is a traditional distilled beverage made from steamed Thai-Indica rice in Okinawa, Japan. For brewing the liquor, two microbes, local kuro (black) koji mold Aspergillus luchuensis and awamori yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are involved. In contrast, that yeasts are used for ethanol fermentation throughout the world, a characteristic of Japanese fermentation industries is the use of Aspergillus molds as a source of enzymes for the maceration and saccharification of raw materials. Here we report the draft genome of a kuro (black) koji mold, A. luchuensis NBRC 4314 (RIB 2604). The total length of nonredundant sequences was nearly 34.7 Mb, comprising approximately 2,300 contigs with 16 telomere-like sequences. In total, 11,691 genes were predicted to encode proteins. Most of the housekeeping genes, such as transcription factors and N-and O-glycosylation system, were conserved with respect to Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae. An alternative oxidase and acid-stable α-amylase regarding citric acid production and fermentation at a low pH as well as a unique glutamic peptidase were also found in the genome. Furthermore, key biosynthetic gene clusters of ochratoxin A and fumonisin B were absent when compared with A. niger genome, showing the safety of A. luchuensis for food and beverage production. This genome information will facilitate not only comparative genomics with industrial kuro-koji molds, but also molecular breeding of the molds in improvements of awamori fermentation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequence ofAspergillus luchuensisNBRC 4314

Yamada

Machida

Hosoyama

et al. 2016

DNA Res

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“…Such enzymes are typically hydroxylases that utilize O 2 as a source of oxygen atoms in the formation of hydroxyl groups, and thus FUM6p may catalyze hydroxylation of fumonisin C-14 and C-15 [17,27]. FUM8p is predicted to be a member of the class-II α-aminotransferases, a group of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes that catalyze the condensation of amino acids and acyl–CoAs [17,24,27]. Deletion of FUM6 or FUM8 inhibits the normal pathway of fumonisin biosynthesis in F. proliferatum .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FUM19 gene is located approximately 35 kb downstream from the FUM1 gene and encodes an ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporter involved in extracellular export of fumonisins. FUM8 encodes an aminotransferase required to create mature, biologically active FB 1 [17,24,25,26]. The enzyme encoded by FUM6 catalyzes the hydroxylation of C-14 and C-15 of fumonisin to generate early intermediates of fumonisin biosynthesis [17,25,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Disruption of Five FUM Genes on Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Pathogenicity in Fusarium proliferatum

Sun

Chen

Gao

et al. 2019

Toxins

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The mycotoxin fumonisin is known to be harmful to humans and animals, and thus it is desirable to reduce fumonisin content in crop products. We explored the functions of several genes that function in fumonisin biosynthesis (FUM1, FUM6, FUM8, FUM19, and FUM21) in Fusarium proliferatum and found that deletion of FUM1, FUM6, FUM8, or FUM21 results in a severe reduction in fumonisin biosynthesis, while loss of FUM19 does not. In addition, fumonisin-deficient strains display significantly decreased pathogenicity. Co-cultivation of the ΔFUM1, ΔFUM6, ΔFUM8, and ΔFUM19 mutants restores fumonisin synthesis. However, co-cultivation was unable to restore fumonisin synthesis in the ΔFUM21 strain. The relative expression levels of three key FUM genes (FUM1, FUM6, and FUM8) differed significantly in each mutant strain; notably, the expression levels of these three genes were significantly down-regulated in the ΔFUM21 strain. Taken together, our results demonstrate that FUM1, FUM6, FUM8, and FUM21 are essential for fumonisin synthesis, and FUM19 is non-essential. Partial mutants lost the ability to synthesize fumonisin, the co-culture of the mutants was able to restore fumonisin biosynthesis. While the pathogenicity of F. proliferatum is affected by many factors, inhibition of the synthesis of the mycotoxin fumonisin will weaken the pathogenicity of rice spikelet rot disease (RSRD).

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“…Fumonisins are a group of more than ten mycotoxins created by Fusarium species like F. globosum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides and other species of Fusarium, Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici, as well as Aspergillus niger [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism, Toxicity, Detoxification, Occurrence, Intake and Legislations of Fumonisins - A Review

Farhadi

Nowrozi

Kachuei

2019

JPRI

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Fumonisins are a group of mycotoxins generated by the Fusarium spp. in foods and feeds. More than 15 isomers of Fumonisin are recognized, and the B series of Fumonisins is the primary and referral isomer of Fumonisin. Fumonisin B can cause leukoencephalomalacia in rabbits and horses and porcine pulmonary edema in swine. Fumonisin B is also nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, immunotoxic and carcinogenic. It blocks sphingolipid biosynthesis (and hinders the synthesis of ceramide) by a noticeable resemblance to sphingosine and sphinganine. This paper provides a review of the toxicity, occurrence, and mechanism of carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity as well as immunotoxicity of Fumonisins, which are primarily found on a variety of food and feed in Africa, America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania. In this paper, current information on contamination of feeds and foods by Fumonisins around the world is summarized. Because of economic losses induced by Fumonisins and their harmful effects on animal and human health, various procedures to detoxify infected feeds and foods have been illustrated in this review, including biological, physical, and chemical processes. Additionally, we discuss dietary intakes and maximum limits of Fumonisins in some countries.

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The α-oxoamine synthase gene fum8 is involved in fumonisin B2 biosynthesis in Aspergillus niger

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Genome sequence ofAspergillus luchuensisNBRC 4314

Genome sequence ofAspergillus luchuensisNBRC 4314

Effects of Disruption of Five FUM Genes on Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Pathogenicity in Fusarium proliferatum

Metabolism, Toxicity, Detoxification, Occurrence, Intake and Legislations of Fumonisins - A Review

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