Theilerial Species of Domestic Livestock

Uilenberg, Gerrit

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-8346-5_2

Cited by 188 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Tick-transmitted diseases such as theileriosis are economically important globally (Uilenberg 1981). Carrier animals have an important role in the transmission of the infection by ticks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Theileria annulata in blood samples of native cattle by PCR and smear method in Southeast of Iran

2013

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Theileria annulata, a protozoan parasite of cattle is causes tropical theileriosis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to assess the presence and the frequency of T. annulata infection in blood samples obtained from carrier cattle in Kerman, Southeast of Iran. Blood samples were collected in citrate solution from 150 native cattle with mean age of 1 year which selected randomly. Primarily, a thin layer smear was prepared from their ear sublime vein blood and was fixed with methanol and stained with Giemsa dye. Blood smears were examined for the presence of parasites, and blood samples were analyzed by PCR. Piroplasmic forms of T. annulata were seen in 16 of 150 (10.66 %) by examination the blood smears with light microscope, whereas 68 of 150 (45.33 %) cattle were positive by PCR method. All animals that were positive by blood smears were also positive by PCR. Difference between these methods was significant (P \ 0.05). Our results demonstrate that this PCR assay in diagnosing T. annulata parasites in carrier cattle is more sensitive than method of smear preparation and can be used in epidemiological studies.

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“…Tick-transmitted diseases such as theileriosis are economically important globally (Uilenberg 1981). Carrier animals have an important role in the transmission of the infection by ticks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Theileria annulata in blood samples of native cattle by PCR and smear method in Southeast of Iran

2013

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“…Although the real origin of Theileriosis in Zambia is not known, the first case of Theileriosis was recorded in the Nakonde area of northern Zambia in 1922, and it is highly assumed that it originated from East Africa [69]. In Zambia, Theileriosis manifests itself in the form of a severe lympho-proliferative disease known as the Corridor disease (CD), East Coast Fever (ECF) or January disease [17,30,39,56,71,97,106,107]. Amongst the five Theileria species and subspecies that are known to exist in Zambia, the most economically important are T. parva parva and T. parva lawrencei [28,31,70].…”

Section: Parasites and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The current status of major tick borne diseases in Zambia

Makala

Mangani²,

Fujisaki

et al. 2003

Vet. Res.

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-Tick-borne diseases occurring in Zambia are assuming more importance as they continue to be a major economic problem not only in Zambia, but in many parts of Eastern, Southern and Central Africa. The current control methods, which include the use of toxic acaricides to kill ticks, and the virulent sporozoite infection and treatment method have limitations. Recombinant vaccines, currently in their experimental stages, offer hope for the future. The use of acaricides is hampered by the development of acaricide resistance and live vaccines are dependent on cold chain facilities, which are a formidable obstacle in the poorly developed infrastructure in parts of Zambia where the vaccine is most needed. Amidst these drawbacks are the results of the recent research on parasites and vector recombinant vaccines which promise to circumvent these problems. The history, current status and attitudes regarding the control of these diseases, taking into account their complexity, are reviewed. The establishment of the well-designed Central Veterinary Research Institute (CVRI) and Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) sponsored veterinary school, both have a potential for high quality research, with access to a wealth of specimens a veritable goldmine of research material. It is thus hoped that this review will stimulate the desire to maximize the value of the tick and tick-borne disease research in both Zambia and the international research community.

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“…Theileriosis is the main tick-borne diseases in tropical and sub tropical regions (Uilenberg 1981). Tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata is an endemic and economically important disease of cattle especially in pure Holsteins and crossbreds (Hashemi-Fesharki 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of molecular and microscopic technique for detection of Theileria spp. in carrier cattle

Noaman

2012

J Parasit Dis

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In Iran, theileriosis is normally diagnosed with traditional Giemsa staining method. This is not applicable for identification of the carrier animals. The aim of this study was to compare conventional Giemsa staining method with the PCR technique in the detection of Theileria organisms. In this study, examinations were performed on 150 blood samples from cattle without clinical signs. Sensitivity and specificity of 50 microscopic fields were compared with Theileria specific PCR. The degree of agreement between PCR and microscopic test was determined by Kappa (j) values with 95 % confidence intervals. PCR showed that 42 samples were Theileria spp. positive, while routine microscopy showed erythrocytes harboring Theileria like structures in 11 blood samples. Examination of 50 microscopic fields showed 57 % sensitivity and 99 % specificity compared to 100 % sensitivity and specificity for PCR. The j coefficient between PCR and Microscopy (50 fields) techniques indicated no level of agreement. Our results showed that the microscopic examination remains the convenient technique for day-to-day diagnosis of clinical cases in the laboratory but for the detection of carrier animal containing low parasitemia. Therefore, molecular methods such as PCR can be used as a safe method for identifying cattle persistently infected with Theileria spp.

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Theilerial Species of Domestic Livestock

Cited by 188 publications

References 35 publications

Detection of Theileria annulata in blood samples of native cattle by PCR and smear method in Southeast of Iran

Detection of Theileria annulata in blood samples of native cattle by PCR and smear method in Southeast of Iran

The current status of major tick borne diseases in Zambia

Comparison of molecular and microscopic technique for detection of Theileria spp. in carrier cattle

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