Theophrastus Bombastus Von Hohenheim (Paracelsus) (1493–1541): The eminent physician and pioneer of toxicology

Michaleas, Spyros N; Laios, Konstantinos; Tsoucalas, Gregory; Androutsos, Georges

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.02.012

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Cachexia is a common clinical sign for cancer patients due to hypercatabolism of proteins, which was first described as "wasting disease of miners" by Paracelsus [1]. It is estimated that 50 -80% of cancer patients are affected by cachexia featured with body weight loss, muscle wasting, adipose tissue depletion, and metabolic abnormalities [20].…”

Section: As 3+ Promotes Protein Turnover and Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arsenic is arguably the first suspected human carcinogen that was identified by the mystic and philosophical physician Paracelsus during the Renaissance [1]. In his observational study of "mala metallorum" that was believed to be lung cancer of miners nowadays, Paracelsus hypothesized that sustained exposure to arsenic-containing dust or air from mining and processing of natural ores is the major cause of pulmonary symptoms that can rapidly progress to cachexia [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolomic dynamics of the arsenic-transformed bronchial epithelial cells and the derived cancer stem-like cells

Fu¹,

Bi²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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Section: As 3+ Promotes Protein Turnover and Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic dynamics of the arsenic-transformed bronchial epithelial cells and the derived cancer stem-like cells

Fu¹,

Bi²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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“…For Paracelsus (1493–1541), a Swiss physician, philosopher and alchemist, the concept of a universal antidote was the starting point for the theory of the ubiquity of poisons, including potent poisons [ 15 , 16 ]. During his turbulent life, he found time to travel in search of the roots of European medicine, that is, to the territory of the legendary Colchis.…”

Section: The Concepts Of a Universal Poisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The natural history of the concept of antidote

Magowska

2021

Toxicology Reports

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Highlights For several centuries, the antidote paradigm was the same as the drug paradigm. However, when chemistry progressed, the concepts of a specific chemical antidote were assumed. In the face of the increasing number of acute poisoning, the ideas of a universal antidote play a more critical role. The development of toxicology prompts reflection on the price of civilization progress.

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“…Despite many questions remaining to be fully answered on how environmental exposure to arsenic, especially for inorganic trivalent arsenic, is carcinogenic to humans, arsenic is the first suspected human carcinogen in history. In Paracelsus’s observational study on metal miners’ “mala metallorum” in the 16th century, he believed that sustained exposure to arsenic-containing dust and air in mining and processing of natural ores is responsible for pulmonary symptoms, (most likely lung cancer), and cachexia of the miners [ 4 , 5 ]. A large body of epidemiologic studies had indicated a significant dose–response relationship between arsenic concentration in drinking water and incidences of lung cancer and other malignancies in both men and women [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Discoveries and Ambiguities of Nrf2 and ATF3 Signaling in Environmental Arsenic-Induced Carcinogenesis

Wadgaonkar

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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Environment exposure to arsenic had been linked to increased incidents of human cancers. In cellular and animal experimental systems, arsenic has been shown to be highly capable of activating several signaling pathways that play critical roles in cell growth regulation, malignant transformation and the stemness of cancer stem-like cells. Emerging evidence indicates certain oncogenic properties of the Nrf2 transcription factor that can be activated by arsenic and many other environmental hazards. In human bronchial epithelial cells, our most recent data suggested that arsenic-activated Nrf2 signaling fosters metabolic reprogramming of the cells through shifting mitochondrial TCA cycle to cytosolic glycolysis, and some of the metabolites in glycolysis shunt the hexosamine biosynthesis and serine-glycine pathways important for the energy metabolism of the cancer cells. In the current report, we further demonstrated direct regulation of oncogenic signals by arsenic-activated Nrf2 and connection of Nrf2 with ATF3 stress transcription factor. Meanwhile, we also highlighted some unanswered questions on the molecular characteristics of the Nrf2 protein, which warrants further collaborative efforts among scientists for understanding the important role of Nrf2 in human cancers either associated or not to environmental arsenic exposure.

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Theophrastus Bombastus Von Hohenheim (Paracelsus) (1493–1541): The eminent physician and pioneer of toxicology

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Metabolomic dynamics of the arsenic-transformed bronchial epithelial cells and the derived cancer stem-like cells

Metabolomic dynamics of the arsenic-transformed bronchial epithelial cells and the derived cancer stem-like cells

The natural history of the concept of antidote

New Discoveries and Ambiguities of Nrf2 and ATF3 Signaling in Environmental Arsenic-Induced Carcinogenesis

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