Theophylline and phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Aubier, Michel; Barnes, P. J.

doi:10.1183/09031936.95.08030347

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Our data, although obtained in a small number of patients, support recent studies that demonstrate that theophylline has anti-inflammatory activities [22]. In particular, there is substantial experimental evidence that theophylline inhibits eosinophil recruitment [23] as well as eosinophil derived neurotoxin and ECP secretion [24] and eosinophil chemotaxis [25].…”

Section: Prechallengesupporting

confidence: 69%

Effect of slow-release theophylline on nasal antigen challenge in subjects with allergic rhinitis

Aubier¹,

Neukirch²,

Maachi³

et al. 1998

Eur Respir J

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It has been recognized recently that theophylline possesses anti-inflammatory effects that could be of clinical interest in patients with airway inflammatory diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR). The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of theophylline on the nasal eosinophilic inflammatory response following allergen challenge in patients with AR. Fourteen subjects suffering from seasonal rhinitis with an early reaction after nasal allergen provocation were challenged outside the pollen season after pretreatment for 3 weeks with placebo or slow-release theophylline (Euphylong in a randomized double-blind, cross-over study. Nasal blocking index (NBI), nasal airway resistance and symptoms were recorded before, and 1 and 5 h after challenge; additionally, nasal lavage fluid was collected before, as well as 1 and 5 h after challenge. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) was measured in the lavage as well as the number of eosinophils before, and 1 h and 5 h after allergen challenge. After 3 weeks of treatment, baseline concentrations of ECP in nasal lavage amounted to 826+/-329 ng x L(-1) (placebo) and 936+/-351 ng x L(-1) (theophylline). The ECP levels did not increase during the early phase response. Five hours after challenge, ECP in the placebo group increased markedly (p<0.01), whereas no significant increase was observed during theophylline treatment. In parallel, the number of eosinophils in the nasal lavage fluid was lower during theophylline treatment. Additionally, theophylline therapy also significantly reduced the nasal symptoms and had some protective effect against nasal obstruction following allergen challenge. These results confirm the anti-inflammatory effects of theophylline and suggest that these effects may be of clinical benefit in patients with allergic rhinitis.

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Section: Prechallengesupporting

confidence: 69%

Effect of slow-release theophylline on nasal antigen challenge in subjects with allergic rhinitis

Aubier¹,

Neukirch²,

Maachi³

et al. 1998

Eur Respir J

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“…29) We used high-dose theophylline treatment preceding the administration of cinnamaldehyde to vessels. As the concentration of cAMP was thought to increase sufficiently in smooth muscle, cinnamaldehyde could not increase the cAMP concentration any further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cinnamaldehyde Induces Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasorelaxant Action on Isolated Rat Aorta

Yanaga

Goto

Nakagawa

et al. 2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Animals Male Wistar rats weighing 370-420 g were purchased from Japan SLC (Shizuoka, Japan). They were kept in an animal room at an ambient temperature of 23Ϯ1°C under a 12-h dark-light cycle. Experimental protocols met the "Guidelines for Animal Experimentation" approved by the Japanese Association of Laboratory Animal Science and the Japanese Pharmacological Society.Preparation of Rat Aorta Rats were anesthetized (50 mg/kg i.p. pentobarbital) and sacrificed by cutting their abdominal aorta. Fats and connective tissues were removed from a section of the thoracic aorta, and 3-mm-wide aortic rings were prepared. For an endothelium-free aorta, the endothelial lining of each ring was removed by pressing the ring and rolling it gently onto a filter paper a few times. The endothelium was considered to be intact when relaxation induced by 1 mM of acetylcholine was over 20% of the maximal tension obtained by 60 mM KCl-induced contraction, and the removal of the endothelium was confirmed by the absence of acetylcholine-induced relaxation.Vasodilative Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Isolated Aortic Rings The aortic rings were mounted on steel hooks in a Magnus chamber (Kishimoto UC-5TD, Kyoto, Japan). One end of the aorta was attached to a force-displacement transducer (Kishimoto UM-203) so that its isometric contraction could be recorded (NEC RECTI-HORIZ-8K, Tokyo, Japan). The baths were filled with 5 ml of Krebs solution containing the following (mM): NaCl 120, KCl 4.7, NaHCO 3 25.0, KH 2 PO 4 1.2, MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O 1.2, CaCl 2 2.5, and glucose 10.0. The solution was maintained at 37°C and bubbled continuously with 5% CO 2 in O 2 at pH 7.4. The rings were equilibrated for 45 min at an initial resting tension of 1 g. During this period, the Krebs solution in the bath was

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“…The combination of theophylline and ethylenediamine generates a water-soluble salt, aminophylline. The proposed mechanism for bronchodilatation involves the non-selective inhibition of phosphodiesterase isoenzymes, 131 in particular, the inhibition of phosphodiesterase-IV, which reduces the intracellular degradation of cAMP. 132 Other mechanisms include increased respiratory drive and diaphragmatic contractility, 133 stimulation of endogenous catecholamine release, 134 prostaglandin antagonism, 135 and inhibition of afferent neuronal activity.…”

Section: Methylxanthinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Acute Asthma Exacerbation in Children: A Stepwise Approach for Escalating Therapy in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Nievas

Anand

2013

The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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OBJECTIVES An increasing prevalence of pediatric asthma has led to increasing burdens of critical illness in children with severe acute asthma exacerbations, often leading to respiratory distress, progressive hypoxia, and respiratory failure. We review the definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of severe acute asthma, with a view to developing an evidence-based, stepwise approach for escalating therapy in these patients. METHODS Subject headings related to asthma, status asthmaticus, critical asthma, and drug therapy were used in a MEDLINE search , supplemented by a manual search of personal files, references cited in the reviewed articles, and treatment algorithms developed within Le Bonheur Children's Hospital. RESULTS Patients with asthma require continuous monitoring of their cardiorespiratory status via noninvasive or invasive devices, with serial clinical examinations, objective scoring of asthma severity (using an objective pediatric asthma score), and appropriate diagnostic tests. All patients are treated with β-agonists, ipratropium, and steroids (intravenous preferable over oral preparations). Patients with worsening clinical status should be progressively treated with continuous β-agonists, intravenous magnesium, helium-oxygen mixtures, intravenous terbutaline and/or aminophylline, coupled with high-flow oxygen and non-invasive ventilation to limit the work of breathing, hypoxemia, and possibly hypercarbia. Sedation with low-dose ketamine (with or without benzodiazepines) infusions may allow better toleration of non-invasive ventilation and may also prepare the patient for tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, if indicated by a worsening clinical status. CONCLUSIONS Severe asthma can be a devastating illness in children, but most patients can be managed by using serial objective assessments and the stepwise clinical approach outlined herein. Following multidisciplinary education and training, this approach was successfully implemented in a tertiary-care, metropolitan children's hospital. INDEX TERMS asthma, child, critical care, infant, respiratory failure, status asthmaticus J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2013;18(2):88-104

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Theophylline and phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Abstract: T Th he eo op ph hy yl ll li in ne e a an nd d p ph ho os sp ph ho od di ie es st te er ra as se e i in nh hi ib bi it to or rs s

Cited by 15 publications

References 77 publications

Effect of slow-release theophylline on nasal antigen challenge in subjects with allergic rhinitis

Effect of slow-release theophylline on nasal antigen challenge in subjects with allergic rhinitis

Cinnamaldehyde Induces Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasorelaxant Action on Isolated Rat Aorta

Severe Acute Asthma Exacerbation in Children: A Stepwise Approach for Escalating Therapy in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

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