Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation of material compatibility between refrigerants and polymers

Eyerer, Sebastian; Eyerer, Peter; Eicheldinger, Markus; Tübke, Beatrice; Wieland, Christoph Martin; Spliethoff, Hartmut

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.142

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…HFC/HFO mixtures has been lately experimentally investigated in a household refrigerator by Aprea et al (2018) indicating lower global warming impact of these fluids. Besides, analysis of exergy efficiency and destruction using experimental data also confirms the viability of R450A and R513A to substitute R134a in existing installations (Gill et al 2018)(Mota-Babiloni et al 2018, given that no significant difference between these refrigerants have been detected in regard to their compatibility with typical polymers (Eyerer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

R450A and R513A as lower GWP mixtures for high ambient temperature countries: Experimental comparison with R134a

Makhnatch

Mota-Babiloni

López-Belchí³

et al. 2019

Energy

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In recognition of the impact of the refrigeration sector on climate change, global commitments are achieved to replace hydrofluorocarbon substances with more planet-friendly alternatives. In this regard, countries with high ambient temperatures (HAT) face additional problems in identifying suitable alternatives due to the impact of such temperatures on energy performance in vapor compression systems. This paper presents an experimental analysis using R134a and two lower global warming potential (GWP) mixtures in a small capacity vapor compression refrigeration system for HAT environments. The range of evaporating and condensing conditions was selected to simulate a refrigeration system working at HAT conditions. The experimental operating results show that although R450A values are acceptable, R513A shows better adaptation to refrigeration system in terms of pressure ratio, discharge temperature and mass flow rate. Then, attending to experimental energetic results, R450A energy performance (quantified by COP) and cooling capacity is lower than R513A and R134a. TEWI analysis of a small refrigeration unit shows CO 2 equivalent emission saving when using R450A in the different condensation conditions. However, taking into account the variation of cooling capacity, R513A system results in the lowest TEWI when normalizing per unit of delivered cooling capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

R450A and R513A as lower GWP mixtures for high ambient temperature countries: Experimental comparison with R134a

Makhnatch

Mota-Babiloni

López-Belchí³

et al. 2019

Energy

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“…The most pronounced change of 6 points was observed in the specimens in contact with PAO at 120 °C. The observed increase in hardness of the specimens subjected to the immersion test may be attributed to a process of crosslinking [18,25]. Crosslinking refers to the formation The observed increase in hardness of the specimens subjected to the immersion test may be attributed to a process of crosslinking [18,25].…”

Section: Hardness Changementioning

confidence: 93%

“…The observed increase in hardness of the specimens subjected to the immersion test may be attributed to a process of crosslinking [18,25]. Crosslinking refers to the formation The observed increase in hardness of the specimens subjected to the immersion test may be attributed to a process of crosslinking [18,25]. Crosslinking refers to the formation of chemical bonds between polymer chains; as a result, the polymer chains become interconnected, forming a network structure that restricts molecular mobility and imparts increased rigidity to the material.…”

Section: Hardness Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Compatibility Study of Polyamide (PA6) with Lubricant Bases for Electric Vehicle Applications

Tormos,

Bermúdez,

Balaguer

et al. 2024

Lubricants

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This study explored the crucial relationship between base fluids and polyamide, a prevalent polymer in electric vehicle (EV) components, with the aim of enhancing the longevity and performance of EVs in the context of thermal management by immersion cooling. Focusing on polyalphaolefin and polyol ester as base fluids, an immersion test was conducted to assess their interaction with polyamide 6 using adapted ASTM standards. The results revealed the significant influences of both fluids on the physical properties and chemical structure of polyamide. Polyol ester demonstrated a lesser impact on the chemical and mechanical properties of polyamide 6.

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“…The compatibilities of seven working fluids (R513a, R450a, HFO‐1234ze(E), HFO‐1234yf, HFO‐1233zd(E), HFC‐134a, and HFC‐245fa) and eight polymers (two thermoplastics and six elastomers) were investigated by Eyerer et al 46 The results indicated that fluororubber was not compatible with these working fluids due to the absorption of working fluids on the fuororubber, and polytetrafluoroethylene showed good compatibility with these working fluids.…”

Section: Thermal Stability Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal stability and pyrolysis mechanism of working fluids for organic Rankine cycle: A review

Huo

Xin

Wang

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is an effective method used to convert renewable energy and waste heat into electricity. The screening of working fluids is crucial to the design of the ORCs, and their thermal stability is a key factor for the selection of ORC working fluids. This review emphasized the thermal stability studies of ORC working fluids. We reviewed the research methods and thermal stability results of hydrocarbon, fluorine‐containing, and siloxane working fluids and analyzed the effects of working fluid pyrolysis on the performance and safety of ORCs. Compared with the previous articles, which only introduced the thermal stability studies of working fluids, this review also focused on the research methods and the status quo of the working fluid pyrolysis mechanism. The feasibility of the density functional theory method and the ReaxFF force field for the study of working fluid pyrolysis mechanism was demonstrated. Finally, the disadvantages of working fluid thermal stability and pyrolysis mechanism studies were analyzed, and the prospects in this field were also discussed.

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Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation of material compatibility between refrigerants and polymers

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

R450A and R513A as lower GWP mixtures for high ambient temperature countries: Experimental comparison with R134a

R450A and R513A as lower GWP mixtures for high ambient temperature countries: Experimental comparison with R134a

Compatibility Study of Polyamide (PA6) with Lubricant Bases for Electric Vehicle Applications

Thermal stability and pyrolysis mechanism of working fluids for organic Rankine cycle: A review

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