Theoretical Analysis and Novel Simulation for Single Shunt Rectifiers

Hirakawa, Takashi; Shinohara, Naoki

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053251

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In [8], PCE up to 90% has been achieved for the input power range of 30-35 dBm at 2.4 GHz, using the SPICE model with the parameters obtained from experimental data by means of curve fitting. Similar results were obtained in [57] for a single shunt diode rectifier using an analytical model that also considers the effect of the transmission line. In [58], an approximate model was used to find PCE for multi-tone excitation with equally spaced frequencies.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Fast and Accurate Approach to RF-DC Conversion Efficiency Estimation for Multi-Tone Signals

Eidaks

Kusnins

Babajans

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The paper presents a computationally efficient and accurate numerical approach to evaluating RF–DC power conversion efficiency (PCE) for energy harvesting circuits in the case of multi-tone power-carrying signal with periodic envelopes. This type of signal has recently received considerable attention in the literature. It has been shown that their use may result in a higher PCE than the conventional sine wave signal for low to medium input power levels. This reason motivated the authors to develop a fast and accurate two-frequency harmonic balance method (2F-HB), as fast PCE calculation might appreciably expedite the converter circuit optimization process. In order to demonstrate the computational efficiency of the 2F-HB, a comparative study is performed. The results of this study show that the 2F-HB significantly outperforms such extensively used methods as the transient analysis (TA), the harmonic balance method (HB), and the multidimensional harmonic balance method (MHB). The method also outperforms the commercially available non-linear circuit simulator Keysight ADS employing both HB and MHB. Furthermore, the proposed method can be readily integrated into commonly used commercially available non-linear circuit simulation software, including the Keysight ADS, Ansys HFSS, just to name a few—minor modifications are required. In addition, to increase the correctness and reliability of the proposed method, the influence of PCB is considered by calculating Y parameters of its 3D model. The widely employed voltage doubler-based RF–DC converter for energy harvesting and wireless power transfer (WPT) in sub-GHz diapason is chosen to validate the proposed method experimentally. This RF–DC converter is chosen for its simplicity and capability to provide sufficiently high PCE. The measurements of the PCE for a voltage doubler prototype employing different multi-tone waveform signals were performed in laboratory conditions. Various combinations of the matching circuit element values were considered to find the optimal one in both—theoretical model and experimental prototype. The measured PCE is in very good agreement with the PCE calculated numerically, which attests to the validity of the proposed approach. The proposed PCE estimation method is not limited to one selected RF–DC conversion circuit and can also be applied to other circuits and frequency bands. The comparison of the PCE obtained by means of the proposed approach and the measured one shows very good agreement between them. The PCE estimation error reaches as low as 0.37%, and the maximal estimation error is 32.65%.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Fast and Accurate Approach to RF-DC Conversion Efficiency Estimation for Multi-Tone Signals

Eidaks

Kusnins

Babajans

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…So, according to the characterized metallurgical-junction presented in this work, the SBD admittance can be described by (10), where g j is the conductance and ωC j the susceptance term for ω as the angular frequency. The g j can be obtained from the derivative of i D with respect to v D :…”

Section: B Equivalent Sbd Circuit Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sense, the development of rectifiers for low-power RFEH has been following a constant progression curve in the past recent years [2], [3], [4], driven, for example, by evaluations of diodes according to their conduction losses and packaging parasitics [5], [6], [7], transient and time-domain modeling [8], [9], [10], evaluation of new materials to reduce insertion losses [11], [12], and others. Nevertheless, there is still a lack in the literature for out-of-ambient temperature (298.15 K) operational prototypes, including the description, analysis and simulation of these devices in this condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Analysis of Schottky Diodes Rectifiers for Low-Power RF Energy Harvesting Applications

et al. 2023

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This article aims to contribute for the improvement of low-power Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) designs based on Schottky Barrier Diode (SBD) rectifiers, presenting a study of the relationship between RF-DC Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) and circuit temperature, which is directly related to the non-linear behavior of the metal-semiconductor junction of SBDs. For this purpose, SPICE diode models were revisited, evaluating the temperature dependence and its effects on forward and reverse conduction modes. The SBDs SMS7621 and SMS7630 temperature dependent characteristics are evaluated according the proposal, and their use is explored through analytical modeling and simulation analyzes of an RFEH system for temperatures ranging from 240 to 360 K. Hence, after an initial formulation of the optimum operation in terms of PCE, two series RF rectifiers are designed based on the mentioned diodes, aiming at an efficient operation over different temperature ranges according to each component optimum PCE, at 300 K for the SMS7630 and over 340 K for the SMS7621. For the SMS7630 prototype, the maximum measured PCE is 25.33% around 293 K, but decreases to 3.65% around 353 K, and for the SMS7621 the measured PCE goes from 11.56% to 16.34% in the same temperature range, considering -20 dBm as Input Power (P in ) due to the low-power RFEH premise. The results leads to a higher PCE stability for the SMS7621 through the whole analyzed range, despite the overall PCE that is limited by the matching network losses intrinsic to the design.INDEX TERMS Energy harvesting, radio frequency, rectifier, schottky diodes, temperature.

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“…It is also compared with a single-shunt rectifier. The single-shunt rectifier's theoretical operation has already been investigated [15]. The operation of a charge pump rectifier is analyzed in the same method.…”

Section: Theoretical Analysis For Charge Pump Rectifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of High-Power Charge Pump Rectifier for Microwave Wireless Power Transmission

Miwatashi¹,

Hirakawa

Shinohara

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Microw.

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This study theoretically and experimentally indicates that a charge pump rectifier for lowpower rectifiers such as RF-ID can be applied to high-power rectifiers and can attain the same level of RF-dc conversion efficiency and twice as high power rectification as the single-shunt rectifiers. A high-power rectifier is primarily a single-shunt rectifier, and a charge pump rectifier that applies twice the output voltage is used in low-power applications such as RF-ID. We aim to enhance the power of charge pump rectifiers by focusing on their characteristics. A fabricated 5.8 GHz charge pump rectifier achieved an RF-dc conversion efficiency of 70.8% at an input power of 8.0 W and a load resistance of 150 . This result is also the highest efficiency for 39 dBm rectifiers in the 5.8 GHz band. Compared to a single-shunt rectifier with the same diode, the charge pump rectifier generated twice the input power and efficiency difference of 2.9% at the maximum input power. These results indicate that the charge pump rectifier has an advantage over the single-shunt rectifier in high-power rectifiers.INDEX TERMS Rectifiers, RF circuits, Schottky diodes, wireless power transmission, circuit theory.This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination.

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Theoretical Analysis and Novel Simulation for Single Shunt Rectifiers

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Fast and Accurate Approach to RF-DC Conversion Efficiency Estimation for Multi-Tone Signals

Fast and Accurate Approach to RF-DC Conversion Efficiency Estimation for Multi-Tone Signals

Temperature Analysis of Schottky Diodes Rectifiers for Low-Power RF Energy Harvesting Applications

Development of High-Power Charge Pump Rectifier for Microwave Wireless Power Transmission

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