1991
DOI: 10.1063/1.105541
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Theoretical and experimental investigation of conversion of phase noise to intensity noise by Rayleigh scattering in optical fibers

Abstract: The conversion of laser phase noise to intensity fluctuation noise in optical fibers due to mixing with Rayleigh scattered light is considered. A theory combining the laser quantum phase dynamics and the statistical scattering in the fiber leads to simple expressions for the spectral densities of the intensity fluctuations in a number of generic cases. These are compared with experiments involving distributed feedback semiconductor lasers and low-loss fibers with lengths up to 20 km.

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Cited by 30 publications
(12 citation statements)
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“…The C / N of AM links is unavoidably degraded by double backscattering of light. This effect has recently been analyzed [9], [lo]. The mixing at the photodiode of light that is transmitted directly from the laser to the photodiode with light that has been twice reflected generates noise which extends over frequencies proportional to the chirped linewidth of the laser.…”
Section: Impact Of Chirp On Noise In Fiber-optic Linksmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The C / N of AM links is unavoidably degraded by double backscattering of light. This effect has recently been analyzed [9], [lo]. The mixing at the photodiode of light that is transmitted directly from the laser to the photodiode with light that has been twice reflected generates noise which extends over frequencies proportional to the chirped linewidth of the laser.…”
Section: Impact Of Chirp On Noise In Fiber-optic Linksmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Equations (4)- (6) together with (12) can be used to determine , which is shown in the inset. The slight discrepancy between experiment and theory is attributed to the simple model used to describe the RIN, which does not include the effect of side modes [15] and FM-to-IM noise conversion due to double Rayleigh scattering [16]. These two effects are independent of the launched power and explain why does not equal exactly zero at small launched powers.…”
Section: Effect Of Sbs On Relative Intensity Noisementioning
confidence: 94%
“…There we show that, in the case of backward Brillouin scattering, the acoustic wave can be well described by a material density fluctuation that satisfies the wave equation driven through electrostriction by the electric field , that is, (15) where is the longitudinal sound velocity, is the damping factor, and quantifies the strength of the electrostrictive effect. This acoustic wave originates a nonlinear polarization given by (16) where is the material density. In the absence of electric field, only a discrete set of acoustic modes can propagate in the fiber.…”
Section: Explanation Of Sbs-induced Phase Changementioning
confidence: 99%
“…For optoelectronic repeaters, the distortion from two lasers must be cascaded. In the worst case, when the distortion characteristics of the light that is backscattered twice [8], [9]. We have neglected this contribution for externally modulated links although there is a small noise contribution close to each carrier due to this mechanism.…”
Section: A Optoelectronic Repeaters As An Alternative To Optical Ampmentioning
confidence: 98%