Theoretical approach to influence of nitrogen on solidification cracking susceptibility of austenitic stainless steels: computer simulation of hot cracking by solidification/segregation models

Ogura, Tomo; Ichikawa, Shunsuke; Saida, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1080/09507116.2017.1346861

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The difference between 𝑇𝐼 and T C can be regarded as the temperature range over which a solid and liquid coexist during welding solidification, and any mechanism behind a change in this value as a function of welding speed would govern the BTR change mechanism. As such, the change in 𝑇𝐼 and T C was computed using the expanded Kurz-Giovanola-Trivedi (KGT) model [12,13] and solidification segregation model [12,13], respectively. In particular, all DSSs used in the present study are solidified as fully ferrite (F mode solidification), the single phase solidification/ segregation model (one-dimensional finite differential model) [13] was applied in this calculation.…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, the change in 𝑇𝐼 and T C was computed using the expanded Kurz-Giovanola-Trivedi (KGT) model [12,13] and solidification segregation model [12,13], respectively. In particular, all DSSs used in the present study are solidified as fully ferrite (F mode solidification), the single phase solidification/ segregation model (one-dimensional finite differential model) [13] was applied in this calculation.…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to simplify the computation model, the diameter of a dendritic cell was fixed at 10µm in any cases. The solidification-segregated concentration of the solute elements was computed at 95% solidification completion (i.e., the fraction of residual liquid phase was 5%), which was based on the previously observed solidification microstructure [12,13]. The dendritic growth rate was assumed to be identical to the welding speed, and the cooling rate was set at the measured values (Table 2).…”

Section: Analysis Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hot Cracking Susceptibility in Duplex Stainless Steel Welds

Saida

Ogura

2018

MSF

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The hot cracking (solidification cracking) susceptibility in the weld metals of duplex stainless steels were quantitatively evaluated by Transverse-Varestraint test with gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and laser beam welding (LBW). Three kinds of duplex stainless steels (lean, standard and super duplex stainless steels) were used for evaluation. The solidification brittle temperature ranges (BTR) of duplex stainless steels were 58K, 60K and 76K for standard, lean and super duplex stainless steels, respectively, and were comparable to those of austenitic stainless steels with FA solidification mode. The BTRs in LBW were 10-15K lower than those in GTAW for any steels. In order to clarify the governing factors of solidification cracking in duplex stainless steels, the solidification segregation behaviours of alloying and impurity elements were numerically analysed during GTAW and LBW. Although the harmful elements to solidification cracking such as P, S and C were segregated in the residual liquid phase in any joints, the solidification segregation of P, S and C in LBW was inhibited compared with GTAW due to the rapid cooling rate in LBW. It followed that the decreased solidification cracking susceptibility of duplex stainless steels in LBW would be mainly attributed to the suppression of solidification segregation of P, S and C.

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Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hot Cracking Susceptibility in Duplex Stainless Steel Welds

Saida

Ogura

2018

MSF

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“…In this study, T L was considered as the temperature of the solidification start and T S was considered as the temperature of the solid fraction of 95%. 5,14) The ΔT was calculated from the difference between T L and T S in the calculation. Chromium, nickel, carbon, niobium, and titanium were considered in the calculation.…”

Section: Solidification Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Alloy Element and Weld Solidification Cracking Susceptibility of Austenitic Stainless Steel

et al. 2019

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The effect of alloy elements such as niobium, titanium, and zirconium on the weld solidification cracking susceptibility in fully austenitic stainless steel was investigated. Niobium, titanium, or zirconium was added as an alloy element to Fe-24 mass%Cr-26 mass%Ni stainless steel. The cracking susceptibility was evaluated by crack length, number of cracks, and brittle temperature range (BTR) corresponding to results of the Trans-Varestraint test. Depending on the addition of the alloy element, the crack length increased; the length ordering tendencies between the total crack length (TCL) and the maximum crack length (MCL) differed with the alloy addition. The BTR was obtained by corresponding the MCL to the temperature range using the measured temperature history of the weld metal and was increased by the addition of the alloy element. The maximum BTR for the specimen with titanium was 266.9°C, which was three times that of the specimen without the alloy element. The MC carbide and the Laves phase formed at the dendrite cell boundaries as secondary phases. Solidification calculation based on the Scheil model was used to investigate the effect of the type of the alloy element on the solidification temperature range. Depending on the type of the alloy element, the solidification temperature range varied. A significant difference was found between the solidification temperature range and BTR in the case of the specimen with niobium.

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“…The peritectic transformation contraction of ferrite (δ) to austenite (γ) plays an important role in the formation of crack during some alloys solidification, such as peritectic steels and 304 stainless steels in the continuous casting [1][2][3][4]. The primary phase (ferrite) precipitates first during solidification, and then the secondary phase (austenite) nucleates and grows at the interface of liquid/ferrite to separate liquid from ferrite, followed by the peritectic transformation [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Peritectic Transformation Contraction of 304 Stainless Steel Using Surface Roughness

Guo

Wen

Tang

et al. 2020

MSF

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Peritectic transformation contraction of ferrite to austenite plays an important role in the formation of cracks for steels. In order to evaluate the peritectic transformation contraction of steels at the initial solidification, the solidification of 304 stainless steel under different cooling rates were carried out by using high temperature laser confocal microscopy, and then the surface roughness and peritectic transformation contraction were analysed in combination with the microstructure of solidified steel. The result shows that the solidification model of 304 stainless steel was ferrite-austenite model in the experiments, and peritectic transformation occurred during solidification. The residual ferrite in the as-cast structure were vermicular, skeletal and reticular in turn with the increase of cooling rate. The volume contraction caused by peritectic transformation resulted in wrinkles (surface roughness) appearing on the grain surface. The peritectic transformation contraction that was affected by surface roughness increased first and then decreased with cooling rate increasing, indicating the peritectic transformation contraction can be evaluated by the surface roughness.

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Theoretical approach to influence of nitrogen on solidification cracking susceptibility of austenitic stainless steels: computer simulation of hot cracking by solidification/segregation models

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Hot Cracking Susceptibility in Duplex Stainless Steel Welds

Hot Cracking Susceptibility in Duplex Stainless Steel Welds

Relationship between Alloy Element and Weld Solidification Cracking Susceptibility of Austenitic Stainless Steel

Analysis of Peritectic Transformation Contraction of 304 Stainless Steel Using Surface Roughness

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