Theoretical constructs of smoking cessation among current tobacco smokers in India: a secondary analysis of Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2 (2016–2017)

Abstract

BackgroundQuitting tobacco smoking is a complex process, and the transtheoretical model describes the various stages of behaviour change that smokers experience to stop smoking. Predictors of intention to quit and stage of behavioural change could assist policy-makers in establishing tailor-made strategies to offer support.ObjectiveIn the current study, we analysed the determinants of cessation among 9499 current smokers of India recorded during the second Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2016–2017).MethodsBivariate analysis, multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression was performed for past quit attempts and intention to quit smoking in the future; multinomial logistic regression to understand predictors of various stages of change determining cessation behaviour of current smokers) was undertaken.ResultsThe majority of the smokers was men (91.0%), in 25–44 years age group, (42.3%), daily wagers (37.4%) and resided in the rural area (73.3%), with bidi being the most commonly smoked product (72%). Nearly 72% tried to quit without any assistance with 36.6% (precontemplation), 27% (contemplation), 28% (preparation (or action)) and 8.1% in (relapse) stage. Men ((1.049); 95% CI 1.047 to 1.051), the primary (1.192; 95% CI 1.190 to 1.193) as well as higher education, being married (1.231; 95% CI 1.229 to 1.234) and urban residence (1.167; 95% CI 1.1.65 to 1.168) were found to be associated with higher prevalence of previous quit attempts. The regression modelling found out that intent to quit reduced with increasing age and was similarly prevalent with any level of education.ConclusionUnderstanding stages of behavioural change could assist the stakeholders in developing individualised interventions along with the development of intensive cessation protocols in clinical and public health settings.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine/Therapy for Tobacco Cessation in India: A Secondary Analysis of GATS-1 and 2

“…Other than counselling, the abovementioned cessation methods may also show promising results if explored independently or in combination. [ 40 ] Lastly, it was beyond the scope of this study to comment on the promoter/pressor, clinical efficacy/potency, and type/form of traditional medicine/CAM as a tobacco cessation strategy among the tobacco users (for instance, were the users referred or suggested/was it their own understanding). For operationalizing the use of CAM as a tobacco cessation strategy in India, further landscaping on these aspects along with studies employing mixed-methods design is recommended.…”

The effectiveness of theory-based smoking cessation interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis

“…This approach promotes the formation of healthy behaviors and corrects negative ones [ 20 ]. Theory-based smoking cessation interventions are designed to provide patients with the knowledge, skills, and support necessary to quit smoking successfully [ 21 ]. By understanding these theories, healthcare providers can design interventions that are tailored to the individual patient's needs and increase the likelihood of successful smoking cessation [ 22 ].…”