Theoretical Evaluation of Rut Depth Components Caused by Forest Soil Shear and Compaction

Grigor'ev, G. V.; Дмитриева, И.; Khitrov, Egor

doi:10.5593/sgem2020/3.1/s14.098

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…For example, in the Middle East, working groups have focused on soil criteria (51% of the studies) [92][93][94]. In Russia, a working group focused on the topic of machine trafficability (46% of the studies) [100][101][102]. The decision as to whether a study falls within the scope of the research question depends, among other things, on the individual judgment of the people involved.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for Assessing the Sustainability of Logging Operations—A Systematic Review

Grünberg,

Ghaffariyan,

Jourgholami

et al. 2023

Curr. For. Rep.

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Purpose of Review The comprehensive assessment of timber and fuelwood harvesting operations through the consideration of the three pillars of sustainability: Economic, social, and environmental has not received much attention. The use of criteria can significantly improve impact assessment. Therefore, the objective of this review paper is to compile and analyze the most commonly used criteria and indicators for each dimension of sustainability in logging operations over the last 6 years. This review provides an overview of these criteria for different harvesting machines, geographical areas, slope classes, time periods, types of research, and silvicultural treatments. Recent Findings The environmental pillar was the most studied (46%), followed by the economic pillar (38%). Productivity was the most investigated criterion (15%). On the one hand, productivity is linked to the environmental and social pillars, as it is related to the level of greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and the employment rate. However, productivity is mainly used as a criterion of financial interest, as it is most often studied in combination with costs. In addition to productivity, the other most frequently examined criteria were costs (10%), soil nutrients (9.5%), and soil compaction (9%). The social dimension was the least studied pillar (16%). This may be due to a lack of knowledge of social sustainability issues in this area. Summary Sustainability is achieved when all three dimensions are balanced. The results of this review show an imbalance, with economic and environmental aspects being weighted more heavily than social aspects. Balancing all three dimensions typically requires an assessment of trade-offs. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the criteria that have been studied to date and can be used as a checklist and guideline for future sustainability assessments of harvesting operations.

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