“…The optimization of the stable ground electronic state geometries, the calculations of the corresponding energies, harmonic frequencies, and thermodynamic properties were carried out using the B3LYP hybrid functional . This includes Becke’s parameter exchange functional (B3) , and the Lee, Yang, Parr (LYP) gradient-corrected correlation functional. − At first, the functional was applied in connection with the 6-31G basis set to obtain a preliminary description of the reaction pathways. The final results were obtained using the 6-31+G(d,p) basis set, which contains diffuse orbitals capable of describing long-range interactions. , To empirically consider a van der Waals (vdW) dispersion interaction involving adsorbate, pollutants, and water, we apply the B3LYP-GD3(BJ) functional.…”