Theoretical model of the interfacial reactions between solid iron and liquid zinc-aluminium alloy

Giorgi, Marie-Laurence; Guillot, J.-B.; Nicolle, Rémy

doi:10.1007/s10853-005-1944-5

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The limit of this upswing is the metastable solubility of iron, which can be accurately calculated using a thermodynamic database. [8,18] Before nucleation of the aluminum-rich inhibition layer, the dissolution of iron is the only reaction that occurs at the liquid zinc-strip interface. The dissolution of iron from strip as it enters the bath is estimated using the following equation: where C Fe is concentration of iron (wt pct) in liquid zinc and D Fe (m 2 /s) is the diffusivity of iron atoms through liquid zinc, defined as a function of temperature as follows: [19] …”

Section: B Formulation Of Iron-dissolution Model Before the Formatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where C meta Fe is the concentration of iron in the liquid zinc in metastable equilibrium with pure iron [8,18] and k diss (1.7 9 10 À5 m/s) is dissolution-rate constant. [18] With the initial and boundary conditions defined, the model enables calculation of the concentration profile of iron as a function of time, t, and of a space variable in the direction, x, perpendicular to the plane of the strip.…”

Section: B Formulation Of Iron-dissolution Model Before the Formatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18] With the initial and boundary conditions defined, the model enables calculation of the concentration profile of iron as a function of time, t, and of a space variable in the direction, x, perpendicular to the plane of the strip. The partial differential equations (Eqs.…”

Section: B Formulation Of Iron-dissolution Model Before the Formatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical Investigation of the Interfacial Reactions during Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel

Mandal

Balasubramaniam

Mehrotra

2009

Metall Mater Trans A

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In the modern galvanizing line, as soon as the steel strip enters the aluminum-containing zinc bath, two reactions occur at the strip and the liquid-zinc alloy interface: (1) iron rapidly dissolves from the strip surface, raising the iron concentration in the liquid phase at the strip-liquid interface; and (2) aluminum forms a stable aluminum-iron intermetallic compound layer at the strip-coating interface due to its greater affinity toward iron. The main objective of this study is to develop a simple and realistic mathematical model for better understanding of the kinetics of galvanizing reactions at the strip and the liquid-zinc alloy interface. In the present study, a model is proposed to simulate the effect of various process parameters on iron dissolution in the bath, as well as, aluminum-rich inhibition layer formation at the substrate-coating interface. The transient-temperature profile of the immersed strip is predicted based on conductive and convective heat-transfer mechanisms. The inhibition-layer thickness at the substrate-coating interface is predicted by assuming the cooling path of the immersed strip consists of a series of isothermal holds of infinitesimal time-step. The influence of galvanizing reaction is assessed by considering nucleation and growth mechanisms at each hold time, which is used to estimate the total effect of the immersion time on the formation mechanism of the inhibition layer. The irondissolution model is developed based on well established principles of diffusion taking into consideration the area fraction covered by the intermetallic on the strip surface during formation of the inhibition layer. The model can be effectively used to monitor the dross formation in the bath by optimizing the process parameters. Theoretical predictions are compared with the findings of other researchers. Simulated results are in good agreement with the theoretical and experimental observation carried out by other investigators.

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Section: B Formulation Of Iron-dissolution Model Before the Formatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Formulation Of Iron-dissolution Model Before the Formatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical Investigation of the Interfacial Reactions during Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel

Mandal

Balasubramaniam

Mehrotra

2009

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…[27] There have been several studies on the kinetics of dross particle formation including estimation of the diffusion coefficients of aluminum and iron in a Zn bath, [32,33] modeling of dissolution of Fe from steel sheet, and Al uptake. [34][35][36][37][38] However, compared with the thermodynamic and kinetic modeling studies in the formation behavior of dross particles, few experimental studies have attempted to elucidate the dross particle (morphology and phase) evolution during galvanizing processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Aluminum on the Formation Behavior of Zn-Al-Fe Intermetallic Particles in a Zinc Bath

Park

Paik

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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The shape, size, and composition of dross particles as a function of aluminum content at a fixed temperature were investigated for aluminum added to the premelted Zn-Fe melt simulating the hot-dip galvanizing bath by a sampling methodology. In the early stage, less than 30 minutes after Al addition, local supersaturation and depletion of the aluminum concentration occurred simultaneously in the bath, resulting in the nucleation and growth of both Fe 2 Al 5 Zn x and FeZn 13 . However, the aluminum was homogenized continuously as the reaction proceeded, and fine and stable FeZn 10 Al x formed after 30 minutes. An Al-depleted zone (ADZ) mechanism was newly proposed for the ''gfig+ffid'' phase transformations. The f phase bottom dross partly survived for a relatively long period, i.e., 2 hours in this work, whereas the g phase disappeared after 30 minutes. In the early stage of dross formation, both Al-free large particles as well as high-Al tiny particles were formed. The dross particle size decreased slightly with increased reaction time before reaching a plateau. The opposite tendency was observed when the Al content was 0.130 mass pct; with a relatively high Al content, the nucleation of tiny g phase dross was significantly enhanced because of the high degree of supersaturation. This unstable g phase dissolved continuously and underwent simple transformation to the stable d phase. The relationship between nucleation potential and supersaturation ratio of species is discussed based on the thermodynamics of classical nucleation theory.

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“…Industrial zinc baths used to continuously hot-dip galvanize steel strips are typically alloyed with about 0.12-0.25 wt % Al to the zinc balance and Fe saturated. This Al-addition leads to the desired formation of a Fe 2 Al 5 interface layer between steel and coating improving adhesion of the zinc coating and inhibiting generation of brittle Fe-Zn-intermetallics [8][9][10][11]36,37]. Referring to this, the present work aims to evaluate the influence of zinc bath metallurgy on wettability of a high-Mn-alloyed steel concept and support further process developments in hot-dip galvanizing of (high-)Mn-alloyed steel concepts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetting force and contact angle measurements to evaluate the influence of zinc bath metallurgy on the galvanizability of high-manganese-alloyed steel

Blumenau¹,

Norden²,

Friedel

et al. 2010

Surface and Coatings Technology

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Theoretical model of the interfacial reactions between solid iron and liquid zinc-aluminium alloy

Cited by 44 publications

References 14 publications

Theoretical Investigation of the Interfacial Reactions during Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel

Theoretical Investigation of the Interfacial Reactions during Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel

Influence of Aluminum on the Formation Behavior of Zn-Al-Fe Intermetallic Particles in a Zinc Bath

Wetting force and contact angle measurements to evaluate the influence of zinc bath metallurgy on the galvanizability of high-manganese-alloyed steel

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