Theoretical models of sorption kinetics including a surface reaction mechanism: A review

Utilization of rarasaponin natural surfactant for organo-bentonite preparation: Application for methylene blue removal from aqueous effluent

“…This parameter usually decreases with increasing of initial solute concentration in the bulk liquid phase [37][38][39][40][41]. Obviously, the higher the initial concentration of solute in bulk liquid phase, the longer time is needed for that system to reach equilibrium state [37]. The inconsistency of the parameter k 0 is observed in this experiment as shown in Table 7.…”

“…Its value determines how fast the equilibrium in the system can be reached [37]. This parameter usually decreases with increasing of initial solute concentration in the bulk liquid phase [37][38][39][40][41].…”

“…The parameter k s of the pseudo-second order also strongly depend on the applied initial solute concentration. This parameter also is considered as a time scaling factor [37], therefore, this parameter will decrease with the increasing of initial concentration. The parameter k s obtained from the fitting of our experimental data is in agreement with theory.…”

Adsorption and desorption kinetics of benzene derivatives on mesoporous carbons

“…What we know now as Langmuir rate equation first appeared in the derivation of Langmuir isotherm equation for gas adsorption (Langmuir 1918). However, it has very general character and is obtained also for other sorption mechanisms (Azizian 2004;Liu and Shen 2008;Navarrete-Guijosa et al 2003;Plazinski et al 2009):…”

“…IKL was recently extended to include lateral interactions according to regular solution theory and the Kiselev association model as well as energetic heterogeneity (mRSK and LF-mRSK models) (Marczewski 2011). This model was also compared to the classic SRT model, corresponding to the same equilibrium isotherms but developed in opposition to the classic Langmuir kinetics (Ward and Findlay 1982;Zhdanov 2001;Rudzinski and Panczyk 2002a, b;Panczyk 2006;Plazinski et al 2009). Moreover, a new ''fractal-like'' ''approach'' to MOE, IKL and SRT models provided other possible extensions to those equations (Haerifar and Azizian 2012).…”