Theoretical Perspective of Job Demands Correlates among Nurses: Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Nursing is highly demanding and stressful profession. Negative consequences of job demands were widely discussed throughout the literature like; poor quality of care, poor health, burnout, greater intent to leave and lower level of job satisfaction. Job dissatisfaction among nurses also has been discussed exhaustively in the literature in regards to its negative outcomes represented by burnout, absenteeism, turnover, greater intent to leave and finally leaving nursing profession. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine literature discussing job demands in nursing profession and its associated factors among nurses, and to provide direction as to where research needs to continue to explore and develop evidence in this area. Results: Results showed that job demands are the most influential stressor in nursing profession that associated strongly with many negative consequences on the profession in general and on the nurses on particular. Conclusion: The results supported that job demand is unavoidable stressor that leads to many negative consequences and connects directly to job dissatisfaction. Therefore, there is a need to search for alleviating factors that decrease nursing stressor, its consequences and buffer the correlation between job demand and job satisfaction.

The Relationships Between Resilience, Job Satisfaction, and Anticipated Turnover in CNOs

“…20 Multiple researchers also reported resilience as a significant mediator of job satisfaction, driving higher affective connection with the professional culture. [27][28][29] Study results indicate a significant relationship between job satisfaction and anticipated turnover in CNOs, confirming Hudgins's findings. 20 Over 36 nursing research studies report job satisfaction strongly related to organizational commitment, loyalty, positive perceptions of the organization, and higher intent to stay, whereas dissatisfaction relates to depression, stress, hostility, anxiety, burnout, lower quality of care, and increased turnover.…”

“…20 Over 36 nursing research studies report job satisfaction strongly related to organizational commitment, loyalty, positive perceptions of the organization, and higher intent to stay, whereas dissatisfaction relates to depression, stress, hostility, anxiety, burnout, lower quality of care, and increased turnover. 29 To magnify the significance of job satisfaction, a quantitative, correlational study of 194 nurses directly linked high job satisfaction to lower turnover intention and increased patient satisfaction. 30 An insignificant relationship between resilience and anticipated turnover was found amongst CNOs.…”

“…31 In another study, resilience did not directly impact nurse turnover intention. 29 Alternatively, other researchers advocate for resilience as a direct factor of anticipated turnover. Hudgins's 2016 research findings generated a statistically significant relationship between resilience and turnover intention.…”

The moderation effect of locus of control on the relationship between job demand and job satisfaction among nurses

“…The literature has provided evidence that job demand and job satisfaction are interconnected and negatively affect quality of nursing care and health care outcomes (e.g., Bani‐Hani, Hamdan‐Mansour, Atiyeh, & Alslman, 2016). The literature has also emphasized the role of other factors such as work locus of control (WLOC), which buffers the effect of high job demand on nurses' job satisfaction (Haybatollahi & Gyekye, 2014).…”