We report a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the structural and vibrational properties of α-CdIn 2 Se 4 under compression. Angle-dispersive synchrotron x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy evidence that this ordered-vacancy compound with pseudocubic structure undergoes a phase transition (7 GPa) towards a disordered rocksalt structure as observed in many other ordered-vacancy compounds. The equation of state and the pressure dependence of the Raman-active modes of this semiconductor have been determined and compared both to ab initio total-energy and lattice dynamics calculations and to related compounds. Interestingly, on decreasing pressure, at ~ 2 GPa, CdIn 2 Se 4 transforms into a spinel structure which, according to calculations, is energetically competitive with the initial pseudocubic phase. The phase behaviour of this compound under compression and the structural and compressibility trends in AB 2 Se 4 selenides are discussed.