Theoretical Substantiation of Layout and Design Solutions for Irrigation Modules of Drip Irrigation Systems in Tree and Fruit Plantations

Abstract

Purpose: developing the methodology for parameter determination and choosing a layout and design solution for an irrigation module for drip irrigation and fertigation of tree and fruit plants cultivated in industrial gardens using industrial technologies for agrotechnical work. The economic and production efficiency of drip-irrigated tree-fruit orchards is determined by the degree of compliance of the layout and design solutions of drip irrigation systems with the natural and climatic conditions and the needs of cultivated crops. The specified compliance of the technical capabilities of drip irrigation systems with the physiological characteristics of plants is ensured by drip irrigation modules that directly supply irrigation water or solution to the zones of their consumption by the root systems of plants. The basis of the publication was the results of the author's research and development of drip irrigation systems for industrial gardens and the author's methods for predicting the size of the contours or zones of drip moisture in the soil space and the parameters of the apple crops root systems. Results. A generalization of private author's methods for predicting the parameters of moisture contours formed in the soil column during drip irrigation, and the parameters of root systems of perennial tree-fruit crops of row planting, developed in relation to the conditions of their cultivation in drip irrigated gardens, is carried out. As a result of the adaptation and joint use of these methods, a methodology for predicting the parameters of moistening zones formed by irrigation lines located along the rows has been developed. Conclusions. A scientific and methodological justification has been developed for choosing a layout and design solution for a drip irrigation module that provides drip irrigation of tree-fruit crops of row planting cultivated in industrial drip-irrigated orchards using industrial technologies for conducting work.