Theoretical temperature dependence of solar cell parameters

Fan, John C. C.

doi:10.1016/0379-6787(86)90020-7

Cited by 222 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This is confirmed by measuring the V OC of the minimodule as a function of time showing a ∼130 mV decrease, which is consistent in a temperature change of 15°C (SI Appendix, Fig. S2) (55). In line with PV module heating, turning the lamp off for 5 min and then turning it back on causes the SFE to recover to 10.2% ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 50%

Ten-percent solar-to-fuel conversion with nonprecious materials

Cox

Lee

Nocera

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

297

233

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Direct solar-to-fuels conversion can be achieved by coupling a photovoltaic device with water-splitting catalysts. We demonstrate that a solar-to-fuels efficiency (SFE) > 10% can be achieved with nonprecious, low-cost, and commercially ready materials. We present a systems design of a modular photovoltaic (PV)-electrochemical device comprising a crystalline silicon PV minimodule and lowcost hydrogen-evolution reaction and oxygen-evolution reaction catalysts, without power electronics. This approach allows for facile optimization en route to addressing lower-cost devices relying on crystalline silicon at high SFEs for direct solar-to-fuels conversion.istributed and grid-scale adoption of nondispatchable, intermittent, renewable-energy sources requires new technologies that simultaneously address energy conversion and storage challenges (1, 2). Coupling photovoltaics to drive catalytic fuelforming reaction, such as water splitting to generate H 2 , allows for direct solar-to-fuels conversion. The solar-generated H 2 can effectively be harnessed to electricity by fuel cell devices (3, 4) or converted to liquid fuels upon its combination with CO or CO 2 (5-7). For this technology to be effectively implemented, a solar-to-fuels conversion efficiency (SFE) of 10% or higher is desirable (8, 9).Direct photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting by a single absorber material has attracted a vast amount of attention (10, 11), and recent progress indicates improvements in the field (12, 13); but after decades of research, direct PEC faces three challenges to increase conversion efficiency: (i) Direct absorber band alignment is required to provide carriers with appropriate potential to both half reactions. Although such an alignment is difficult to achieve in a single material initially, any change in band alignment due to changing surface conditions can result in further efficiency degradation. This makes it challenging to design devices that maintain robust, high efficiencies in actual operation.(ii) The wide absorber bandgap (>1.23 eV; typically >1.6 eV) needed to drive the water-splitting reaction is not optimized for the solar spectrum, which results in a maximum SFE of only 7% (14-16). (iii) The absorbers are poor catalysts, and they are incapable of efficiently performing the four proton-coupled electron transfer chemistry (17-22) that is needed for water splitting.These deficiencies can be overcome by substituting a PEC device with a buried-junction photovoltaic (PV) device and an electrochemical catalyst (EC) system, forming a PV-EC tandem (23-27). In a buried-junction device, the electric field is generated at an internal junction within the semiconductor and is then coupled with water-splitting catalysts through ohmic contacts, which can either be conductive coatings directly deposited onto the PV or connected through wires to the electrodes. The buried junction relaxes the constraints imposed by a PEC device because it separates light absorption from catalysis, and does not require that the absorber be stable in ...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 50%

Ten-percent solar-to-fuel conversion with nonprecious materials

Cox

Lee

Nocera

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

297

233

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“…For the given values of V oc , dE g /dT and dJ sc /dT one can calculate the dV oc /dT of a subcell according to eq. (5). If the V ocb of GaAs bottom cell could take that of the GaAs single-junction cell, then the V oct of GaInP top cell will be V oct = V octandem −V ocb =1.37 V. And the dE g /dT can be calculated according to the equation E g (T)=E g (0)− αT 2 /(T+β).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fan theoretically calculated the temperature dependence of the parameters of GaAs, Si and Ge single junction solar cells [5] . The temperature coefficients of GaInP/ GaAs dual-junction solar cell were theoretically calculated by Friedman [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum efficiency and temperature coefficients of GaInP/GaAs dual-junction solar cell

Liu

Chen

Bai

et al. 2008

Sci. China Ser. E-Technol. Sci.

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“…Solar cells decrease in efficiency with temperature. Loss of open circuit voltage (Voc) with increasing temperature, due to increase in dark current [2,11], contributes the majority of the change in efficiency. Fill factor variation in general follows the open circuit variation.…”

Section: High Temperature Solar Cell Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Temperature Solar Cell Technology Development

Landis¹,

Jenkins²,

Scheiman³

et al. 2004

2nd International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference

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Future NASA missions will require solar cells to operate both in regimes closer to the sun, and farther from the sun, where the operating temperatures will be higher and lower than standard operational conditions. NASA Glenn is engaged in testing solar cells under extended temperature ranges, developing theoretical models of cell operation as a function of temperature, and in developing technology for improving the performance of solar cells for both high and low temperature operation. Nomenclature= Air Mass Zero (space sunlight at Earth orbit) = Astronomical Units = temperature factor (incorporating absorption, emissivity, and Stefan-Boltzmann constant) = intensity (W/m2> = solar intensity at Earth's distance from the sun, 1 AU = Short circuit current = dq/dT, the temperature coefficient of the efficiency, K-' = Power output from the solar cell (W/m2) = distance from the sun (AU) = Temperature (K) = Open Circuit Voltage = net absorptivity, averaged across the incident solar spectrum = infrared emissivity, averaged across the thermal spectrum = conversion efficiency = conversion efficiency at standard temperature of 300K = conversion efficiency extrapolated to OK = Stefan-Boltzmann constant, 5.67 W/m2K4 *Physicist, Photovoltaics and Space Environmental Effects, mailstop 302-1,

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Theoretical temperature dependence of solar cell parameters

Cited by 222 publications

References 2 publications

Ten-percent solar-to-fuel conversion with nonprecious materials

Ten-percent solar-to-fuel conversion with nonprecious materials

Quantum efficiency and temperature coefficients of GaInP/GaAs dual-junction solar cell

Extended Temperature Solar Cell Technology Development

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