Theoretical Underpinnings and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Cash Transfers on Intimate Partner Violence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Baranov, Victoria; Cameron, Lisa; Suárez, Diana Contreras; Thibout, Claire

doi:10.1080/00220388.2020.1762859

Cited by 49 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses of CTs found improvements on several outcomes. These outcomes include material poverty (Kabeer & Waddington, 2015), human capital (Baird et al, 2013b;Millán et al, 2019), social capital (Owusu-Addo et al, 2018), health (Lagarde et al, 2007;Behrman & Parker, 2010;Crea et al, 2015), intimate partner violence (Baranov et al, 2020;Buller et al, 2018), child labor (Kabeer & Waddington, 2015), the spread of HIV (Pettifor et al, 2013), spending on tobacco and alcohol (Evans & Poponova, 2014;, and labor supply (Baird et al, 2018;Banerjee et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of cash transfers on subjective well-being and mental health in low- and middle- income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

McGuire¹,

Kaiser²,

Bach-Mortensen³

2020

Preprint

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Background: A large body of evidence evaluates the impact of cash transfers (CTs) on physical health and economic indicators. A growing amount of research on CTs contains measures of subjective well- being (SWB) and mental health (MH) but no attempt has been made to systematically synthesize this work.Methods/design: We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs and quasi- experimental studies, including peer-reviewed publications and grey literature (e.g. reports, pre-prints, and working papers), conducted over the period 2000-2020, examining the impact of CTs on self- reported SWB and MH outcomes.Results: Two authors (JM and CK) double-screened 1,147 records of potentially relevant studies, finding 38 studies suitable for inclusion in our meta-analysis, covering 100 outcomes and a total sample of n=114,274 individuals. The average effect size (Cohen’s d) of 38 CT studies on our composite outcome of MH and SWB is 0.10 standard deviations (SDs) (95% CI: 0.8, 0.13) for an average time until follow-up of two years. However, there is a substantial amount of heterogeneity in the estimated effects (I-squared = 64% and 95% Prediction interval: 0.0021, 0.215). CT value, both in absolute terms and relative to previous income, are significant predictors of the effect size. We find only weak evidence that the impact diminishes over time. Four randomized controlled trials in our sample were designed to identify the spillover effects of CTs on the SWB and MH outcomes of non-recipients. Two found negative spillovers but the average effect is not statistically significant and is close to zero.Discussion: Cash transfers significantly increase MH and SWB in low- and middle-income countries. More research on the long run (5+ years) effects is needed, as well as further analysis of the community and household spillover effects of cash transfers on MH and SWB outcomes. We encourage the inclusion of MH and SWB metrics in impact evaluations of interventions to enable the assessment of their relative cost-effectiveness at improving lives compared to cash transfers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of cash transfers on subjective well-being and mental health in low- and middle- income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

McGuire¹,

Kaiser²,

Bach-Mortensen³

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The risk for IPV is actually the lowest for women in households that have sufficient resources but whose status does not threaten traditional patriarchal practices [51]. The U-shaped decrease in odds of reporting physical and/or sexual violence perpetration in Gender Equitable except Tolerant of Husband's Home-Life Dominance or Fully Gender Equitable could be evidence in support of the status inconsistency theory [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Latent Class Analysis of Gender Attitudes and Their Associations with Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Corley

Glass

Remy³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Gender role attitudes, views held by individuals regarding the roles men and women should play in society, are a powerful social determinant of health. However, work remains in elucidating the associations between gender attitudes and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration or victimization and mental health problems. We used latent class analysis to classify patterns of responses on survey items on gender attitudes by male and female adults in households that participated in an economic empowerment intervention and evaluation in rural villages in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Attitudes about IPV and gender equality were two subdomains to emerge from analysis and a 3-class model solution was found to best fit response patterns. Results indicated that, as compared to the least gender equitable class, individuals in the moderately gender equitable and fully gender equitable classes had lower odds of having experienced or perpetrated psychological abuse. Individuals within the moderately gender equitable class were at lower odds of having experienced or perpetrated physical or sexual violence. Further, individuals in the moderately gender equitable and fully gender equitable classes had significantly lower mean scores on symptoms associated with PTSD than individuals in the least gender equitable class. Future research should explore the relationships between gender attitudes, partner violence and mental health to build resilient families.

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“…A large body of evidence from before the COVID-19 syndemic showed that CTs are promising tools to reduce IPV. 14 , 24 , 25 One such review of qualitative and quantitative research, including studies from Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay, showed that three-quarters of studies found that CTs reduced IPV, with stronger impacts on physical or sexual violence, or both, than for emotional or economic abuse. 14 The studies hypothesised that increased economic security and women's empowerment, as well as decreased conflict within the household and stressors over daily needs, were the mechanisms through which CTs promoted reductions in IPV.…”

Section: Linkages and Opportunities To Integrate Ipv And Ctsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These effects included subsample increases in IPV due to CTs, primarily for groups of vulnerable women, highlighting the need for attention to and integration of operational IPV safeguarding and mitigation measures, and ongoing research to better understand these dynamics. 24 , 25 , 26 Harnessing the primary health sector, complementary programming, and targeting survivors of IPV are three additional methods in which CT implementation can align or create linkages with IPV programming.…”

Section: Linkages and Opportunities To Integrate Ipv And Ctsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A diagonal and social protection plus approach to meet the challenges of the COVID-19 syndemic: cash transfers and intimate partner violence interventions in Latin America

Blofield

Knaul

Calderón-Anyosa

et al. 2022

The Lancet Global Health

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Latin America has been particularly hard hit by the COVID-19 syndemic, including the associated economic fallout that has threatened the livelihoods of most families. Social protection platforms and policies should have a crucial role in safeguarding individual and family wellbeing; however, the response has been insufficient to address the scale of the crisis. In this Viewpoint, we focus on two policy challenges of the COVID-19 syndemic: rapidly and effectively providing financial support to the many families that lost livelihoods, and responding to and mitigating the increased risk of intimate partner violence (IPV). We argue that building programmatic linkages between social protection platforms, particularly cash transfers, and IPV prevention, mitigation, and response services, creates synergies that can promote freedom from both poverty and violence.

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Theoretical Underpinnings and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Cash Transfers on Intimate Partner Violence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Cited by 49 publications

References 47 publications

The impact of cash transfers on subjective well-being and mental health in low- and middle- income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The impact of cash transfers on subjective well-being and mental health in low- and middle- income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

A Latent Class Analysis of Gender Attitudes and Their Associations with Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health in the Democratic Republic of Congo

A diagonal and social protection plus approach to meet the challenges of the COVID-19 syndemic: cash transfers and intimate partner violence interventions in Latin America

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