Theories of Cognitive Aging and Work

Fisher, Gwenith G.; Chacón, Marisol; Chaffee, Dorey S.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812756-8.00002-5

Cited by 85 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Under such circumstances, these conditions can lead to huge social and economic burden for individuals, families, and Chinese society. Identifying social determinants of cognitive function, which is defined as multiple mental capacities (e.g., memory and mental intactness such as numerical ability and time orientation) [ 3 ], is crucial to gain an in-depth understanding of why certain people are particularly vulnerable to cognitive impairment and dementia and to develop preventive interventions and strategies to slow down cognitive decline processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Education Moderate the Relationship between Social Capital and Cognitive Function among Older Adults? Evidence from Suzhou City, China

Zhang

Lü

Wang

2020

IJERPH

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While social capital is recognized as an important protective determinant of cognitive function in later life, there is a lack of research examining the potential moderators and mediators in the mechanisms linking social capital to cognitive function. This study investigated the moderating role of education on the relationship between social capital and cognitive function among older adults in urban Chinese communities. Data were derived from a community survey conducted in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, in late 2015. A quota sampling method was applied to recruit respondents aged 60 years or older from 16 communities in the Gusu district. The final analytic sample size was 446. Multiple group analysis was applied to test the proposed model. The results show that cognitive social capital was significantly associated with cognitive function in the high education group only. Structural social capital was not significantly associated with cognitive function. The findings highlight the important role of social capital in influencing cognitive function in later life. Social capital interventions could be particularly useful as a preventive approach to help older adults sustain their cognitive function levels. Policy and intervention implications are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Education Moderate the Relationship between Social Capital and Cognitive Function among Older Adults? Evidence from Suzhou City, China

Zhang

Lü

Wang

2020

IJERPH

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“…Cognitive function The capacity to perform a variety of complex mental tasks, including processing memories, sustaining attention, learning, solving problems, and making decisions. Fisher, Chacon, and Chaffee (2019) to fecal material, but not necessarily pathogenic themselves (WHO and UNICEF, 2017). There are, of course, many other microbes and viruses dangerous to human biology summarized in a recent review by the WHO (World Health Organization, 2019d).…”

Section: World Health Organization (2018b)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The toll of household water insecurity on health and human biology: Current understandings and future directions

Rosinger

Young

2020

WIREs Water

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Water is imperative for nutrition and health, economic productivity, and political stability; it also holds cultural and symbolic meanings and functions. Household water insecurity is an emerging construct that captures lived experiences with water access, use, and acceptability. Although the plausibility of household water insecurity to "get under the skin" and shape human biology is high, these relationships have not been systematically investigated. Therefore, in this article, we set out to examine how household water insecurity and allied concepts affect health and human biology throughout the life course. We first lay out the various ways that water insecurity can act as a deleterious exposure, that is, through problematic quality, excess, and shortage. Next, we posit how water insecurity directly shapes human biology, as well as indirectly, via psychosocial stress precipitating cortisol exposure, with potential intergenerational effects. We highlight a range of established and plausible biological consequences using evidence from human and animal model studies. These include diarrheal prevalence, dehydration, stunting, food insecurity, gut microbiome alteration, malnutrition, psychosocial stress, adverse birth outcomes, lower cognitive function and performance, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. We also discuss the mechanisms by which household water insecurity may shape human biology across the life course; however, these pathways are just beginning to be understood. Longitudinal studies that simultaneously quantify household water insecurity and biological outcomes using comparable metrics in diverse environments and across generations will provide necessary evidence to establish causal relationships. Given the current global water crisis and its potential health consequences, such studies are urgently needed.

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“…Passive avoidance behavior of rodents is defined as the suppression of the inherent predilection for the shady partition of the experimental machinery (or stepping down from a prominent platform) following disclosure to an inescapable shock. The passive avoidance test is carried out to assess the short-term memory [1], or to evaluate memory retention deficit.…”

Section: Passive Avoidance Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cognition is an intellectual procedure of gaining information and understanding through attention, skill, and the senses [1]. Cognitive function impairments are associated with loss of interest in learning, declined thinking skills, loss of analysis and interpretation skills, difficulty in detection, dilemma in explaining, and loss of memory [1]. While being affected by aging mostly, cognitive function impairments are the result of declines in the gray and white matter volume in the brain, the decrease in the neurotransmitter levels and changes in white matter [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term Administration of Lovastatin and Rivastigmine: An In Vivo Evaluation on Cognitive Functions and Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity

Badruddeen

Akhtar

Arif

et al. 2020

INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences

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Background. There is not much evidence illustrating that statins could be responsible for memory loss or dementia, although increased exposure to statins has been reported to cause cognitive side effects. The present study investigated the effect of lovastatin in combination with rivastigmine on cognitive function as well as brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in normal mice. Methods. The mice were categorized into four groups, and they were treated with normal saline, lovastatin, rivastigmine, and the combination of lovastatin and rivastigmine, respectively, by oral administration for 60 days. The treatment effect on cognitive functions was assessed by behavioral tests, namely, the passive avoidance test and spontaneous alternation test, as well as the measurement of brain AChE activity by Ellman’s method. Results. In this study, a significant reduction (P < 0.01) of brain AChE activity and positive effects (P < 0.01) on cognitive functions was observed in mice treated with the combination of lovastatin and rivastigmine as compared to rivastigmine alone. However, no significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed on brain AChE activity as well as cognitive functions in mice treated with lovastatin when compared with those treated with normal saline. Conclusion. This study suggested that lovastatin did not contribute to any improvements in cognitive functions and brain AChE activity, but it potentiated the effect of rivastigmine.

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Theories of Cognitive Aging and Work

Cited by 85 publications

References 110 publications

Does Education Moderate the Relationship between Social Capital and Cognitive Function among Older Adults? Evidence from Suzhou City, China

Does Education Moderate the Relationship between Social Capital and Cognitive Function among Older Adults? Evidence from Suzhou City, China

The toll of household water insecurity on health and human biology: Current understandings and future directions

Long-term Administration of Lovastatin and Rivastigmine: An In Vivo Evaluation on Cognitive Functions and Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity

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