“…Cultural theories can be discussed as falling into four focal areas (Keesing, 1974): (1) cultures as adaptive systems, (2) cultures as ideational systems, (3) cultures as socio-cultural systems, and (4) cultures as symbolic systems that are cumulative creations of mind. Conceiving culture as an ideational subsystem within a vastly complex system, biological, economical, social and symbolic, and grounding our abstract models and theories in the creation and usage of artefacts should make it possible to deepen the understanding of ourselves and our future.…”