Theories of Small Groups: Interdisciplinary Perspectives

Hollingshead, Andrea B.; Poole, Steve

doi:10.4135/9781483328935

Cited by 75 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…These findings confirm previous research on shortcomings of leadership skills of junior doctors (35). In addition, this confirms the importance of early stages of group formation, a finding supported almost universally across group process theories (27). However, given the status differences between experienced nurses and young physicians in training, hesitations and insecurities about adopting the leadership role are not entirely surprising.…”

Section: Association Of Leadership Behavior and Performancesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Several lines of research in other fields have consistently demonstrated higher performance in established teams (27), concluding that the negotiation of group member roles, including leadership, are important factors. In the study noted previously (9), the ad hoc teams had fewer leadership utterances than did preformed teams, despite the short period of time that pre-formed teams had to interact before the crisis.…”

Section: Influence Of Team Building On Cpr Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

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Teamwork and Leadership in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Hunziker

Johansson

Tschan

et al. 2011

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

261

200

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Despite substantial efforts to make cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) algorithms known to healthcare workers, the outcome of CPR has remained poor during the past decades. Resuscitation teams often deviate from algorithms of CPR. Emerging evidence suggests that in addition to technical skills of individual rescuers, human factors such as teamwork and leadership affect adherence to algorithms and hence the outcome of CPR. This review describes the state of the science linking team interactions to the performance of CPR. Because logistical barriers make controlled measurement of team interaction in the earliest moments of real-life resuscitations challenging, our review focuses mainly on high-fidelity human simulator studies. This technique allows in-depth investigation of complex human interactions using precise and reproducible methods. It also removes variability in the clinical parameters of resuscitation, thus letting researchers study human factors and team interactions without confounding by clinical variability from resuscitation to resuscitation. Research has shown that a prolonged process of team building and poor leadership behavior are associated with significant shortcomings in CPR. Teamwork and leadership training have been shown to improve subsequent team performance during resuscitation and have recently been included in guidelines for advanced life support courses. We propose that further studies on the effects of team interactions on performance of complex medical emergency interventions such as resuscitation are needed. Future efforts to better understand the influence of team factors (e.g., team member status, team hierarchy, handling of human errors), individual factors (e.g., sex differences, perceived stress), and external factors (e.g., equipment, algorithms, institutional characteristics) on team performance in resuscitation situations are critical to improve CPR performance and medical outcomes of patients.

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Section: Association Of Leadership Behavior and Performancesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Influence Of Team Building On Cpr Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

Teamwork and Leadership in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Hunziker

Johansson

Tschan

et al. 2011

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

261

200

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…First, it uses a full-relational analysis to unearth the role of institutional and personal actors in Malawi's HIV/AIDS response, as well as the relationships, interactions and flows of information which occur between actors in the network (see Poole & Hollingshead, 2005). The structural analysis takes place at the district-level and focuses on institutional and personal actors, including media, government officials, NGOs, the church, teachers, healthcare providers, village chiefs, parents/elders and youth.…”

Section: Concepts and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS messages in Malawi and their implications for effective responses

Houston

Hovorka

2007

African Journal of AIDS Research

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This paper explores the nature of HIV/AIDS education and information networks in Malawi, with a focus on Dedza district. We consider the role of institutional and personal actors involved in Malawi's recently instated and decentralised behaviour-change intervention strategy, as well as the form and function of interpersonal social networks that mediate this information. The research reveals that the organisational capacity of actors and the conflicting messages regarding promotion of condom use may prevent Malawi from achieving a coordinated and effective decentralised response to the HIV epidemic. The research shows that individuals draw on complex interpersonal social networks, often processing mixed messages regarding HIV prevention strategies and receiving negative messages regarding condom use. The paper discusses the implications of such inconsistencies and conflicts with actors, interpersonal social networks and the nature of the messages themselves for HIV/AIDS education in Malawi.

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“…peuvent affecter leur processus de déci-sion. Enfin, dans une phase de bouclage théorique, nous rattachons nos résultats à la littérature existant sur les groupes (Ellis et Fisher, 1994 ;Hirokawa et Poole, 1996 ;Poole et Hollingshead, 2005 ;Putnam et Stohl, 1996). D'un point de vue pratique et managérial, on peut facilement se rendre compte de l'intérêt des décisions prises entre amis dès lors qu'elles concernent un nombre non négligeable de produits et d'activités.…”

Section: Problématique Et Intérêt De La Rechercheunclassified

La prise de décision dans les groupes d'amis: Une étude exploratoire

Decrop¹,

Pecheux²,

Bauvin

2007

Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition)

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Les auteurs peuvent être contactés à l'adresse électronique suivante : alain.decrop@fundp.ac.be R E C H E R C H E RÉSUMÉCe papier présente les résultats d'une étude exploratoire interprétative de la prise de décision dans les groupes d'amis. Les particularités du groupe en tant qu'unité de prise de décision sont d'abord mises en évidence. Quatre étapes majeures du processus de prise de décision sont ensuite identifiées : la suggestion, la discussion et l'évaluation des alternatives, la distribution des tâches et des rôles, l'évaluation post-expérientielle. La problématique des conflits et de leur résolution est également explorée.

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Theories of Small Groups: Interdisciplinary Perspectives

Cited by 75 publications

References 0 publications

Teamwork and Leadership in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Teamwork and Leadership in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

HIV/AIDS messages in Malawi and their implications for effective responses

La prise de décision dans les groupes d'amis: Une étude exploratoire

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